Single perioperative dose of tranexamic acid in primary hip and knee arthroplasty

Introduction Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that competitively inhibits the activation of plasminogen to plasmin. It has been shown to reduce blood loss in trauma and other haemorrhagic conditions and has recently been utilised in elective orthopaedic surgery. There are various m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology 2015, Vol.25 (1), p.129-133
Main Authors: George, D. A., Sarraf, K. M., Nwaboku, H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Antifibrinolytic Agents - administration & dosage
Antifibrinolytic Agents - adverse effects
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - adverse effects
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - methods
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee - adverse effects
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee - methods
Blood Loss, Surgical - prevention & control
Blood Transfusion
Blood transfusions
Blood Volume
Erythrocyte Volume - drug effects
Female
Humans
Injections, Intravenous
Joint replacement surgery
Length of Stay
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Original Article
Perioperative Care
Retrospective Studies
Surgical Orthopedics
Tranexamic Acid - administration & dosage
Tranexamic Acid - adverse effects
Traumatic Surgery
Venous Thrombosis - chemically induced
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Summary:Introduction Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that competitively inhibits the activation of plasminogen to plasmin. It has been shown to reduce blood loss in trauma and other haemorrhagic conditions and has recently been utilised in elective orthopaedic surgery. There are various methods of administering TXA described in the literature. Methods This retrospective cohort study reviews the effects of a single perioperative 1 g intravenous bolus on patients undergoing primary hip and knee arthroplasty and its effect on operative blood loss. After excluding patients who did not fulfil our inclusion criteria, a total of 110 patients were included in this study. Fifty underwent primary hip arthroplasty (30 treated with TXA; 60.0 %), and 60 underwent primary knee arthroplasty (29 treated with TXA; 48.3 %). The main outcome measure was red cell volume and total blood loss, and secondary measures were needed for blood transfusions, presence of thromboembolic events, and length of hospital stay. Results Both cohorts who received TXA showed a reduction in immediate postoperative red cell volume loss and total blood loss ( p  
ISSN:1633-8065
1432-1068
DOI:10.1007/s00590-014-1457-5