Grain Yield, Nutritional Value and Fatty Acids Profile of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) Genotypes in Semi-arid Climatic Condition

• Published in: Gesunde Pflanzen 2023-08, Vol.75 (4), p.993-1002
• Main Authors: Etaati, Maryam, Ardakani, M. Reza, Bagheri, Mahmoud, Paknejad, Farzad, Golzardi, Farid
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agriculture; Arid regions; Arid zones; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Climatic conditions; Crop yield; Fatty acid composition; Fatty acids; Field tests; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Growing season; Hydroxyapatite; Life Sciences; Nutritive value; Oils & fats; Original Article; Originalbeitrag; Plant Pathology; Quinoa; Saponins; Semi arid areas; Semiarid lands; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 0367-4223; 1439-0345
• DOI: 10.1007/s10343-022-00772-6

To evaluate the grain yield and quality of ten quinoa genotypes, four simultaneous field experiments were conducted in different regions (Karaj, Shahrekord, Urmia, and Kashmar) of semi-arid condition of Iran, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during the 2018 growing season. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between genotypes in grain yield, oil content, and fatty acid composition. The results also showed that the superior genotype in Karaj in terms of grain yield was the Q26 genotype (716 kg ha −1 ), in Shahrekord the Q26 genotype (2196 kg ha −1 ), in Urmia the Q18 genotype (1614 kg ha −1 ), and in Kashmar the Titicaca genotype (829 kg ha −1 ). The highest 1000-grain weight (3.6 g) belonged to the Q31 genotype in Urmia. The lowest saponin content was observed in the Q12 genotype in Urmia. The protein content was not significantly different between the studied genotypes, but the highest and lowest levels (16.22 and 13.95 g kg −1 , respectively) were observed in Q12 and Q29 genotypes, respectively. The evaluated genotypes were significantly different in terms of iron content ( p  ≤ 0.01) and calcium ( p  ≤ 0.05). The maximum and minimum oil content (3.68 and 2.52, respectively) was found in the Q18 and Red Carina genotypes, respectively. Considering both quantitative and qualitative traits, the Giza1 and Q26 genotypes were superior and could be recommended for cultivation in semi-arid regions of Iran.