Super-radiant and Sub-radiant Cavity Scattering by Atom Arrays

We realize collective enhancement and suppression of light scattered by an array of tweezer-trapped \(^{87}\)Rb atoms positioned within a strongly coupled Fabry-P\'{e}rot optical cavity. We illuminate the array with light directed transverse to the cavity axis, in the low saturation regime, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:arXiv.org 2023-11
Main Authors: Yan, Zhenjie, Ho, Jacquelyn, Yue-Hui, Lu, Masson, Stuart J, Asenjo-Garcia, Ana, Stamper-Kurn, Dan M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arrays
Fabry-Perot interferometers
Integers
Light
Luminous intensity
Photons
Quantum electrodynamics
Raman spectra
Rayleigh scattering
Scattering amplitude
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Summary:We realize collective enhancement and suppression of light scattered by an array of tweezer-trapped \(^{87}\)Rb atoms positioned within a strongly coupled Fabry-P\'{e}rot optical cavity. We illuminate the array with light directed transverse to the cavity axis, in the low saturation regime, and detect photons scattered into the cavity. For an array with integer-optical-wavelength spacing each atom scatters light into the cavity with nearly identical scattering amplitude, leading to an observed \(N^2\) scaling of cavity photon number as the atom number increases stepwise from \(N=1\) to \(N=8\). By contrast, for an array with half-integer-wavelength spacing, destructive interference of scattering amplitudes yields a non-monotonic, sub-radiant cavity intensity versus \(N\). By analyzing the polarization of light emitted from the cavity, we find that Rayleigh scattering can be collectively enhanced or suppressed with respect to Raman scattering. We observe also that atom-induced shifts and broadenings of the cavity resonance are precisely tuned by varying the atom number and positions. Altogether, tweezer arrays provide exquisite control of atomic cavity QED spanning from the single- to the many-body regime.
ISSN:2331-8422
DOI:10.48550/arxiv.2307.13321