Implications of wheat farming in Cd(II) and Pb(II) contaminated red eutrophic Oxisol: an experimental pilot investigation

Summary This study aimed (i) to assess the environmental problems of wheat farming in Oxisol with Cd and Pb below the acceptable levels established by national and international regulations, questioning their possible permissiveness; (ii) to investigate the metal distribution in wheat plant organs,...

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Published in:International journal of food science & technology 2023-09, Vol.58 (9), p.4608-4617
Main Authors: Gonçalves, Affonso Celso, Schwantes, Daniel, Campagnolo, Marcelo Angelo, Conradi, Elio, Piccioli, Angélica de Fatima Bortolato, Zanini, Emanuel Sobocinski
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cadmium
Copper
Crop yield
Cultivation
Environmental assessment
Eutrophication
Farming
Flour
Food safety
Gas exchange
Grain
Grain cultivation
International regulations
Lead
Legislation
Manganese
Metals
phytoavailability
Plant growth
Roots
Tillers
Toxic metals
Triticum aestivum L
Wheat
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Summary:Summary This study aimed (i) to assess the environmental problems of wheat farming in Oxisol with Cd and Pb below the acceptable levels established by national and international regulations, questioning their possible permissiveness; (ii) to investigate the metal distribution in wheat plant organs, and to predict possible implications of cultivation in hazardous conditions; (iii) to assess the grain and flour content of metals and to predict possible implications. The growth of plants, gas exchange parameters, nutritional composition, the yield of grains and metal distribution were evaluated. Cd and Pb are accumulated in different plant organs even when the legislation's limits are respected. 74% of Cd and 96% of Pb are accumulated in roots, while 3% of Cd and
ISSN:0950-5423
1365-2621
DOI:10.1111/ijfs.16565