Combining α-Al2O3 Packing Material and a ZnO Nanocatalyst in an Ozonized Bubble Column Reactor to Increase the Phenol Degradation from Wastewater

The ozonation reaction in a bubble column reactor (BCR) has been widely used in the removal of phenol from wastewater, but the phenol removal efficiency in this type of reactor is limited because of low ozone solubility and reactivity in the system. In the present study, the phenol degradation in th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Processes 2023-08, Vol.11 (8), p.2416
Main Authors: Majhool, Adnan K., Sukkar, Khalid A., Alsaffar, May A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum oxide
Bubble columns
Bubbles
Chemical oxygen demand
Chemical reactions
Degradation
Diameters
Efficiency
Effluents
Energy consumption
Fluidized bed reactors
Hydrocarbons
Membrane reactors
Oxidation
Ozonation
Ozone
Packing
Parameters
Phenols
Pressure drop
Reaction kinetics
Thin films
Velocity
Video recorders
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment
Water treatment
Zinc oxide
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Summary:The ozonation reaction in a bubble column reactor (BCR) has been widely used in the removal of phenol from wastewater, but the phenol removal efficiency in this type of reactor is limited because of low ozone solubility and reactivity in the system. In the present study, the phenol degradation in the BCR was enhanced by using α-Al2O3 as a packing material and a ZnO nanocatalyst. The reactor diameter and height were 8 cm and 180 cm, respectively. The gas distributor was designed to include 52 holes of a 0.5 mm diameter. Also, the gas holdup, pressure drop, and bubble size were measured as a function of the superficial gas velocity (i.e., 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 cm/s). The evaluation of the hydrodynamic parameters provided a deeper understanding of the ozonation process through which to select the optimal operating parameters in the reactor. It was found that the best superficial gas velocity was 2.5 cm/s. A complete (100%) phenol removal was achieved for phenol concentrations of 15, 20, and 25 ppm at reaction times of 80, 90, and 100 min, respectively; this was achieved by using α-Al2O3 packing material and a ZnO nanocatalyst in the BCR. Additionally, a reaction kinetics study was conducted to describe the ozonation reaction in BCR. The first-order reaction assumption clearly describes the reaction kinetics with an R2 = 0.991. Finally, the applied treatment method can be used to efficiently remove phenol from wastewater at a low cost, with a small consumption of energy and a simple operation.
ISSN:2227-9717
2227-9717
DOI:10.3390/pr11082416