Drug Resistant Prediction Based on Plasmodium Falciparum DNA-Barcoding using Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Method

• Published in: International journal of advanced computer science & applications 2023, Vol.14 (7)
• Main Authors: Muflikhah, Lailil, Widodo, Nashi, Yudistira, Novanto, Ridok, Achmad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Amino acids; Classifiers; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Drug resistance; Entropy (Information theory); Gene sequencing; Machine learning; Malaria; Mathematical models; Parameter sensitivity
• ISSN: 2158-107X; 2156-5570
• DOI: 10.14569/IJACSA.2023.0140747

Malaria disease mostly affects children and causes death every year. Multiple factors of the disease due to failure in treatment, including anti-malaria drug resistance. The resistance is caused by a decrease in the efficacy of the drug against Plasmodium parasites. Therefore, we proposed a computational approach using deep learning methods to predict anti-malarial drug resistance based on genetic variants of the Plasmodium falciparum through DNA barcoding. The DNA Barcode, organism identification from Plasmodium, is employed as data set for predicting the anti-malaria drug resistance. As a univariate amino acid sequence, it is transformed to numerical value data for building classifier model. It is constructed into a classifier model for prediction using Bidirectional Long Term-Short Memory (Bi-LSTM). This algorithm is extended from LSTM by two directions. In the first stage, the sequence is encoded into numerical data as input data for the method using sigmoid activation loss function. Then binary cross entropy is addressed to define the class, resistance or sensitivity. The final stage is applied by tuning hyper-parameter using Adaptive Moment Estimation optimizer to get the best performance. The experimental results show that Bi-LSTM as the proposed method achieves high performance for resistance prediction including precision, recall, and f1-score.