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Strain Measurement Method Based on External Symmetrical Compensation Bridge Composed of Strain Gauges with Four-Wire Configuration for a Large-Scale NbTi Superconducting Dipole Magnet Detector
This study presents a new strain measurement method based on an external symmetrical compensation bridge (ESCB) composed of strain gauges with a four-wire configuration. Unlike the traditional strain measurement methods, this method includes two features: first, utilising the four-wire configuration...
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Published in: | Journal of low temperature physics 2023-10, Vol.213 (1-2), p.121-137 |
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creator | Zhang, Yongjie Xin, Canjie Gao, Peifeng He, Tianhu Guan, Mingzhi |
description | This study presents a new strain measurement method based on an external symmetrical compensation bridge (ESCB) composed of strain gauges with a four-wire configuration. Unlike the traditional strain measurement methods, this method includes two features: first, utilising the four-wire configuration to eliminate measurement errors that occur due to large space-varying thermal and field imbalances of long signal wires during operation, and second, utilising two independent quarter-active sub-bridges with a four-wire configuration composed of ESCB to eliminate the errors that occur due to the large time-varying cryogenic temperature and magnetic field. This method was validated and used on a large-scale NbTi superconducting dipole magnet detector during the cooling, excitation, and quench tests. The strains measured using the ESCB were also compared with those measured using a traditional half-active compensation bridge. The observations showed that the ESCB method can overcome the interference of the temperature gradient and electromagnetic field of long wires during both cooling and electromagnetic excitation processes. In addition to the abrupt strain signal appearing when a quench occurred, high amplitudes occurring at high frequencies were observed at the onset of a quench based on the strain spectra analysis. Thus, the strain spectra are expected to provide a novel means for early quench warning. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10909-023-02989-9 |
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Unlike the traditional strain measurement methods, this method includes two features: first, utilising the four-wire configuration to eliminate measurement errors that occur due to large space-varying thermal and field imbalances of long signal wires during operation, and second, utilising two independent quarter-active sub-bridges with a four-wire configuration composed of ESCB to eliminate the errors that occur due to the large time-varying cryogenic temperature and magnetic field. This method was validated and used on a large-scale NbTi superconducting dipole magnet detector during the cooling, excitation, and quench tests. The strains measured using the ESCB were also compared with those measured using a traditional half-active compensation bridge. The observations showed that the ESCB method can overcome the interference of the temperature gradient and electromagnetic field of long wires during both cooling and electromagnetic excitation processes. In addition to the abrupt strain signal appearing when a quench occurred, high amplitudes occurring at high frequencies were observed at the onset of a quench based on the strain spectra analysis. 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Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c363t-4058abe680eef88b06bc671083f59fcacea1dac5ede9f598d75a5831facb5e4f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c363t-4058abe680eef88b06bc671083f59fcacea1dac5ede9f598d75a5831facb5e4f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yongjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xin, Canjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Peifeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Tianhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guan, Mingzhi</creatorcontrib><title>Strain Measurement Method Based on External Symmetrical Compensation Bridge Composed of Strain Gauges with Four-Wire Configuration for a Large-Scale NbTi Superconducting Dipole Magnet Detector</title><title>Journal of low temperature physics</title><addtitle>J Low Temp Phys</addtitle><description>This study presents a new strain measurement method based on an external symmetrical compensation bridge (ESCB) composed of strain gauges with a four-wire configuration. Unlike the traditional strain measurement methods, this method includes two features: first, utilising the four-wire configuration to eliminate measurement errors that occur due to large space-varying thermal and field imbalances of long signal wires during operation, and second, utilising two independent quarter-active sub-bridges with a four-wire configuration composed of ESCB to eliminate the errors that occur due to the large time-varying cryogenic temperature and magnetic field. This method was validated and used on a large-scale NbTi superconducting dipole magnet detector during the cooling, excitation, and quench tests. The strains measured using the ESCB were also compared with those measured using a traditional half-active compensation bridge. The observations showed that the ESCB method can overcome the interference of the temperature gradient and electromagnetic field of long wires during both cooling and electromagnetic excitation processes. In addition to the abrupt strain signal appearing when a quench occurred, high amplitudes occurring at high frequencies were observed at the onset of a quench based on the strain spectra analysis. Thus, the strain spectra are expected to provide a novel means for early quench warning.</description><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Compensation</subject><subject>Condensed Matter Physics</subject><subject>Configurations</subject><subject>Cooling</subject><subject>Cryogenic temperature</subject><subject>Dipoles</subject><subject>Electromagnetic fields</subject><subject>Errors</subject><subject>Excitation</subject><subject>Low temperature physics</subject><subject>Magnetic Materials</subject><subject>Magnetism</subject><subject>Measurement methods</subject><subject>Niobium base alloys</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Spectra</subject><subject>Strain analysis</subject><subject>Strain gauges</subject><subject>Strain measurement</subject><subject>Superconductivity</subject><subject>Wire</subject><issn>0022-2291</issn><issn>1573-7357</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc9u1DAQxi0EEkvLC3CyxDlgx5vEPtLtH5C29LBFHC3HGaeuGjuMHZW-HY-Gu6nEjYPl0cz3-6SZj5APnH3ijHWfE2eKqYrVojwlVaVekQ1vOlF1oulekw1jdV3VteJvybuU7hljSrZiQ_4cMhof6DWYtCBMEHKp810c6JlJMNAY6MXvDBjMAz08TRNk9LbUuzjNEJLJvijO0A8jHHvxCDn64ntllhESffT5jl7GBaufHp-FwflxwZV2Eamhe4MjVIfiDfR7f-vpYZkBbQzDYrMPIz33cyyzazMGyPQcMtgc8ZS8ceYhwfuX_4T8uLy43X2t9jdX33Zf9pUVrcjVljXS9NBKBuCk7Fnb27bjTArXKGeNBcMHYxsYQJWOHLrGNFJwZ2zfwNaJE_Jx9Z0x_logZX1f1ilXSbqWLeNs221lUdWrymJMCcHpGf1k8Elzpp-T0mtSuiSlj0lpVSCxQqmIwwj4z_o_1F-iTpuB</recordid><startdate>20231001</startdate><enddate>20231001</enddate><creator>Zhang, Yongjie</creator><creator>Xin, Canjie</creator><creator>Gao, Peifeng</creator><creator>He, Tianhu</creator><creator>Guan, Mingzhi</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20231001</creationdate><title>Strain Measurement Method Based on External Symmetrical Compensation Bridge Composed of Strain Gauges with Four-Wire Configuration for a Large-Scale NbTi Superconducting Dipole Magnet Detector</title><author>Zhang, Yongjie ; Xin, Canjie ; Gao, Peifeng ; He, Tianhu ; Guan, Mingzhi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c363t-4058abe680eef88b06bc671083f59fcacea1dac5ede9f598d75a5831facb5e4f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</topic><topic>Compensation</topic><topic>Condensed Matter Physics</topic><topic>Configurations</topic><topic>Cooling</topic><topic>Cryogenic temperature</topic><topic>Dipoles</topic><topic>Electromagnetic fields</topic><topic>Errors</topic><topic>Excitation</topic><topic>Low temperature physics</topic><topic>Magnetic Materials</topic><topic>Magnetism</topic><topic>Measurement methods</topic><topic>Niobium base alloys</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Spectra</topic><topic>Strain analysis</topic><topic>Strain gauges</topic><topic>Strain measurement</topic><topic>Superconductivity</topic><topic>Wire</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yongjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xin, Canjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Peifeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Tianhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guan, Mingzhi</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal of low temperature physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Yongjie</au><au>Xin, Canjie</au><au>Gao, Peifeng</au><au>He, Tianhu</au><au>Guan, Mingzhi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Strain Measurement Method Based on External Symmetrical Compensation Bridge Composed of Strain Gauges with Four-Wire Configuration for a Large-Scale NbTi Superconducting Dipole Magnet Detector</atitle><jtitle>Journal of low temperature physics</jtitle><stitle>J Low Temp Phys</stitle><date>2023-10-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>213</volume><issue>1-2</issue><spage>121</spage><epage>137</epage><pages>121-137</pages><issn>0022-2291</issn><eissn>1573-7357</eissn><abstract>This study presents a new strain measurement method based on an external symmetrical compensation bridge (ESCB) composed of strain gauges with a four-wire configuration. Unlike the traditional strain measurement methods, this method includes two features: first, utilising the four-wire configuration to eliminate measurement errors that occur due to large space-varying thermal and field imbalances of long signal wires during operation, and second, utilising two independent quarter-active sub-bridges with a four-wire configuration composed of ESCB to eliminate the errors that occur due to the large time-varying cryogenic temperature and magnetic field. This method was validated and used on a large-scale NbTi superconducting dipole magnet detector during the cooling, excitation, and quench tests. The strains measured using the ESCB were also compared with those measured using a traditional half-active compensation bridge. The observations showed that the ESCB method can overcome the interference of the temperature gradient and electromagnetic field of long wires during both cooling and electromagnetic excitation processes. In addition to the abrupt strain signal appearing when a quench occurred, high amplitudes occurring at high frequencies were observed at the onset of a quench based on the strain spectra analysis. Thus, the strain spectra are expected to provide a novel means for early quench warning.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s10909-023-02989-9</doi><tpages>17</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Compensation Condensed Matter Physics Configurations Cooling Cryogenic temperature Dipoles Electromagnetic fields Errors Excitation Low temperature physics Magnetic Materials Magnetism Measurement methods Niobium base alloys Physics Physics and Astronomy Spectra Strain analysis Strain gauges Strain measurement Superconductivity Wire |
title | Strain Measurement Method Based on External Symmetrical Compensation Bridge Composed of Strain Gauges with Four-Wire Configuration for a Large-Scale NbTi Superconducting Dipole Magnet Detector |
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