Mixing and eruption of mafic magmas of the Sipisupisu volcano, the Toba volcanic system, Indonesia

Texture and particularly compositional variations of zoned minerals are important to understand trans-crustal magma plumbing systems of volcanoes. The Sipisupisu volcano in Sunda arc, northern Sumatra, occurs as a stratocone on the northwestern tip of the Toba Caldera and belongs to the large Toba v...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 2023-09, Vol.178 (9), p.65, Article 65
Main Authors: Gao, Meng-Hao, Liu, Ping-Ping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Basalt
Calderas
Crystals
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Fractionation
Geology
Lava
Magma
Magma chambers
Melts (crystal growth)
Mineral Resources
Mineralogy
Moho
Olivine
Original Paper
Petrology
Plagioclase
Quaternary
Recharge
Reservoirs
Residence time
Residence time distribution
Volcanic activity
Volcanic cones
Volcanic eruptions
Volcanoes
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Summary:Texture and particularly compositional variations of zoned minerals are important to understand trans-crustal magma plumbing systems of volcanoes. The Sipisupisu volcano in Sunda arc, northern Sumatra, occurs as a stratocone on the northwestern tip of the Toba Caldera and belongs to the large Toba volcanic system, which has produced two super-eruptions in the Quaternary. Compositionally zoned olivine, plagioclase and clinopyroxene grains, together with orthopyroxene reaction rims around olivine from basalts and basaltic andesites of the Sipisupisu volcano indicate open-system processes characterized by multiple episodes of magma recharge and mixing. Based on compositional variations of a variety of zoned olivine and clinopyroxene crystals, melts ascended from the large basaltic magma reservoir at the Moho have resided in at least three staging magma reservoirs within the crust. One magma reservoir is Si-saturated and located 
ISSN:0010-7999
1432-0967
DOI:10.1007/s00410-023-02046-4