Isotonic ion replacement can lower the threshold for selective infrared neural inhibition

Significance: Infrared (IR) inhibition can selectively block peripheral sensory nerve fibers, a potential treatment for autonomic-dysfunction-related diseases (e.g., neuropathic pain and interstitial cystitis). Lowering the IR inhibition threshold can increase its translational potentials. Aim: Infr...

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Published in:Neurophotonics (Print) 2021-01, Vol.8 (1), p.015005-015005
Main Authors: Zhuo, Junqi, Ou, Zihui, Zhang, Yuhan, Jackson, Elizabeth M, Shankar, Sachin S, McPheeters, Matthew T, Ford, Jeremy B, Jansen, E. Duco, Chiel, Hillel J, Jenkins, Michael W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autonomic nervous system
Chloride
Choline
Electric currents
Glucose
Hypotheses
Lasers
Peripheral neuropathy
Research Papers
Sensory neurons
Translation
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Summary:Significance: Infrared (IR) inhibition can selectively block peripheral sensory nerve fibers, a potential treatment for autonomic-dysfunction-related diseases (e.g., neuropathic pain and interstitial cystitis). Lowering the IR inhibition threshold can increase its translational potentials. Aim: Infrared induces inhibition by enhancing potassium channel activation. We hypothesized that the IR dose threshold could be reduced by combining it with isotonic ion replacement. Approach: We tested the IR inhibition threshold on the pleural-abdominal connective of Aplysia californica. Using a customized chamber system, the IR inhibition was applied either in normal saline or in isotonic ion-replaced saline, which could be high glucose saline, high choline saline, or high glucose/high choline saline. Each modified saline was at a subthreshold concentration for inhibiting neural conduction. Results: We showed that isotonically replacing ions in saline with glucose and/or choline can reduce the IR threshold and temperature threshold of neural inhibition. Furthermore, the size selectivity of IR inhibition was preserved when combined with high glucose/high choline saline. Conclusions: The present work of IR inhibition combined with isotonic ion replacement will guide further development of a more effective size-selective IR inhibition modality for future research and translational applications.
ISSN:2329-423X
2329-4248
DOI:10.1117/1.NPh.8.1.015005