Smoothed Sparse Blind DOA Estimation for MC-CDMA Systems Based on Tensor Decomposition

• Published in: IEEE wireless communications letters 2023-09, Vol.12 (9), p.1-1
• Main Authors: Wang, Yuexian, Liu, Chao, Luo, Shuai, Liu, Xiangyang, Tellambura, Chintha
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antenna arrays; Code Division Multiple Access; Codes; Continuity (mathematics); Direction of arrival; direction of arrival (DOA); Direction-of-arrival estimation; fourth-order tensor; higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD); Iterative methods; Mathematical analysis; Multicarrier code division multiple access; Multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA); Receiving antennas; Singular value decomposition; smoothed ℓ0-norm; Sparse matrices; Tensors; Transmitters; Wireless communication
• ISSN: 2162-2337; 2162-2345
• DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2023.3282260

We propose a blind direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method for multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems, which does not require knowledge of the spreading codes of transmitters. Our method involves reconstructing a fourth-order tensor with observations from the antenna array at the receiver. We then apply higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) to separate the signal subspace from the noise subspace. To enhance the sparsity of the solution, we develop a smoothed ℓ0-norm sparse reconstruction method by designing continuous functions with reweighted vectors. Finally, DOA estimates are obtained by searching the spectrum of the sparse solution using an iterative method that ensures fast convergence. Numerical simulations show its superiority over previous work.