On the Comparative Analysis of the Composition of Lysimetric Water under Conditions of Different Soil Treatment and under Phytocenoses

• Published in: Moscow University soil science bulletin 2023, Vol.78 (3), p.233-246
• Main Authors: Bogatyrev, L. G., Kuznetsov, V. A., Benediktova, A. I., Karpukhin, M. M., Telesnina, V. M., Borisova, S. A., Kadulin, M. S., Glazman, G. R., Ezhelev, Z. S., Shnyrev, N. A., Bibulatov, S. A., Demin, V. V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aluminum; Anions; Carbon; Cations; Chloride ions; Cluster analysis; Comparative analysis; Composition; Coniferous forests; Divalent cations; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Historical Geology; Ions; Lysimeters; Magnesium; Manganese; Natural waters; Paleontology; Plantations; Plowing; Potassium; Reclamation; Soil horizons; Soil treatment; Soils; Subgroups; Tillage
• ISSN: 0147-6874; 1934-7928
• DOI: 10.3103/S0147687423030055

A comparative analysis of the composition of lysimetric waters for 2021–2022 was carried out for two groups of stationary soil lysimeters under urban conditions. The first group of lysimeters is formed by the “fallow–herbaceous phytocenosis–overgrown fallow–spruce forest–mixed and broad-leaved plantation” system developing on the same type of mantle loam. The second group of lysimeters represents soils with different types of tillage: conventional plowing, extradeep plowing according to Bushinsky, plowing according to Mosolov, and deep plowing according to Kachinsky. The same type of migration of components, in which the most migrating elements include carbon, mono- and divalent cations, and chloride ions with minimal migration of iron, manganese, and aluminum, is shown for both groups. The concentration of such important biophilic elements as magnesium, calcium, potassium, and carbon and, among anions, chloride and sulfate ions increases significantly in the group of lysimeters under various types of vegetation as the tree canopy develops and, increasing, accordingly, the intensity of the biological cycle increases in migrating waters. Cluster analysis identifies two different subgroups in terms of the composition of natural waters: the first one is formed by the “fallow–herbaceous phytocenosis–overgrown fallow” system, and the second contains tree plantations. A cluster that characterizes the composition of water in lysimeters with reclamation plowing according to Mosolov and deep plowing according to Kachinsky is distinguished in the group of lysimeters with different tillage. At the same time, individual aggregates form lysimeters with conventional plowing and ultradeep plowing according to Bushinsky. This is explained by the fact that the initially created soil-profile design, which is characterized by the placement of eluvial and illuvial soil horizons in various combinations and at different depths, is transformed in this group of lysimeters.