Green Application of Isolated Colorant from Neem Bark for Mordant-Coated Wool: Optimization of Dyeing and Mordanting for Shade Development

• Published in: Coatings (Basel) 2023-09, Vol.13 (9), p.1639
• Main Authors: Adeel, Shahid, Zuber, Muhammad, Kınık, Mustafa, Zor, Aydın, Büyükkol, Semih, Kahraman, Ayşe Derya, Ozomay, Meral, Döl, Attila, Lehimler, Zafer, Khattak, Shahnaz Parveen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acidification; Bark; Carcinogens; Color; Coloring agents; Coloring matter; Composition; Computer simulation; Cosmetics; Dyeing; Dyes; Keratin; Margosa; Methanol; Methods; Mordant dyes; Natural products; Optimization; Properties; Radiation; Shades; Textiles; Wool
• ISSN: 2079-6412; 2079-6412
• DOI: 10.3390/coatings13091639

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of utilizing a tannin-based natural brown colorant from neem bark for dyeing wool under microwave treatment, specifically evaluating its coloring efficiency. The colorant was extracted in a methanol solution that had been acidified both before and after being subjected to microwave treatment for up to 6 min. The dyeing variables were optimized to create new shades of dye with desirable fastness properties, and sustainable chemical and bio-mordants ranging from 1 to 10 g/100 mL were employed. Through experimentation, it was determined that when an unirradiated acidic methanolic extract (AME) with a salt concentration of 3 g/100 mL was applied onto wool fabric (RWF) and subjected to microwave treatment for 4 min, it resulted in a high color yield. This was achieved by heating the solution to 65 °C and allowing it to remain in contact with the fabric for a duration of 65 min. Favorable color characteristics were achieved when utilizing a pre-chemical mordant of 5% Fe and a post-chemical mordant of 5% Fe. In contrast, the utilization of 7% henna as a pre-bio-mordant in combination with 3% turmeric extract as a meta-bio-mordant resulted in favorable color characteristics. The study concludes that microwave treatment exhibits outstanding sustainable efficacy in isolating colorants from neem bark powder for wool dyeing. Incorporating bio-mordants further enhanced the process’s sustainability and eco-friendliness.