The natural warning signs of tsunami earthquake in Indonesia: case of the 2006 Cilacap event

Natural warning signs and self-evacuation are essential to save lives in the event of a tsunami caused by an earthquake, especially if there are no clear early signs for example ground shaking. This paper explores the participants' experiences focusing on how participants' perceptions and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental hazards 2023-10, Vol.22 (5), p.456-474
Main Authors: Rezaldi, Muhammad Yudhi, Yoganingrum, Ambar, Hanifa, Nuraini Rahma, Prasetyadi, Abdurrakhman, Kongko, Widjo, Kaneda, Yoshiyuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal behavior
Aquatic crustaceans
Behaviour
Cilacap
Colour
Disaster management
Earthquakes
Emergency preparedness
Emergency warning programs
Evacuation
Explosions
Indonesia
Islands
Lobsters
Low tide
Marine crustaceans
Marine molluscs
Mitigation
natural warning signs
phenomenology
Seismic activity
Shaking
Shellfish
Survivor's testimony
Tsunamis
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Summary:Natural warning signs and self-evacuation are essential to save lives in the event of a tsunami caused by an earthquake, especially if there are no clear early signs for example ground shaking. This paper explores the participants' experiences focusing on how participants' perceptions and responses to what they felt, saw or heard before seeing the first wave of 2006 tsunami in Cilacap, Indonesia. Using a phenomenological approach, this paper analyzes the stories of ten participants in three sub-districts, namely Cilacap Selatan, covering islands of Nusakambangan, Adipala, and Binangun. The tsunami was caused by a slow-motion earthquake, so people did not feel the ground shaking. The participants did not recognise natural signs of a tsunami, so they ignored them. Before seeing the first wave, the witness heard sound of explosions, extreme low tide, unusual animal behavior around, the appearance of a large number of marine products - lobsters (Crustacea) and sea shells (Mytilus spp.), and unusual color and shape of the waves. These signs should be socialised to the community in tsunami-prone areas, thereby increasing community's disaster mitigation capacity. This study presents some natural warning signs that have not been reported by previous studies.
ISSN:1747-7891
1878-0059
DOI:10.1080/17477891.2023.2190871