A review of bioretention components and nutrient removal under different climates—future directions for tropics

Bioretention systems have been implemented as stormwater best management practices (BMPs) worldwide to treat non-point sources pollution. Due to insufficient research, the design guidelines for bioretention systems in tropical countries are modeled after those of temperate countries. However, climat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2019-05, Vol.26 (15), p.14904-14919
Main Authors: Goh, Hui Weng, Lem, Khe Sin, Azizan, Nor Ariza, Chang, Chun Kiat, Talei, Amin, Leow, Cheng Siang, Zakaria, Nor Azazi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additives
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Best management practices
Chemical oxygen demand
Civil engineering
Climate change
Design
Developing countries
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Filter media
Guidelines
Industrial development
LDCs
Nonpoint source pollution
Nutrient removal
Point source pollution
Pollutant removal
Pollutants
Pollution sources
Rain
Retention basins
Review Article
Runoff
Shrubs
Soil pollution
Storm runoff
Stormwater
Stormwater management
Tropical environments
Urbanization
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:Bioretention systems have been implemented as stormwater best management practices (BMPs) worldwide to treat non-point sources pollution. Due to insufficient research, the design guidelines for bioretention systems in tropical countries are modeled after those of temperate countries. However, climatic factors and stormwater runoff characteristics are the two key factors affecting the capacity of bioretention system. This paper reviews and compares the stormwater runoff characteristics, bioretention components, pollutant removal requirements, and applications of bioretention systems in temperate and tropical countries. Suggestions are given for bioretention components in the tropics, including elimination of mulch layer and submerged zone. More research is required to identify suitable additives for filter media, study tropical shrubs application while avoiding using grass and sedges, explore function of soil faunas, and adopt final discharged pollutants concentration (mg/L) on top of percentage removal (%) in bioretention design guidelines.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-019-05041-0