Melatonin counteracts aluminum-induced affective and cognitive disorders and oxidative damage in male wistar rats

Aluminum (Al) is a potentially toxic element causing many neuropathological and behavioral alterations such as affective and cognitive disorders. Recently, several studies described melatonin (MEL) as an effective antidepressant and anxiolytic substance. This study aimed to assess the effects of MEL...

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Published in:Neuroscience and behavioral physiology 2023-07, Vol.53 (6), p.917-928
Main Authors: Zghari, Oussama, Azirar, Sofia, Lamtai, Mouloud, El Hessni, Aboubaker, Ouichou, Ali, Mesfioui, Abdelhalem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum
Antidepressants
Anxiety
Behavioral Sciences
Biochemical analysis
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Emotional behavior
Hippocampus
Lipid peroxidation
Melatonin
Memory
Neurobiology
Neuroprotection
Neurosciences
Nitric oxide
Oxidative stress
Short term memory
Sodium chloride
Spatial discrimination learning
Spatial memory
Superoxide dismutase
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Summary:Aluminum (Al) is a potentially toxic element causing many neuropathological and behavioral alterations such as affective and cognitive disorders. Recently, several studies described melatonin (MEL) as an effective antidepressant and anxiolytic substance. This study aimed to assess the effects of MEL and Al combination on affective and cognitive behavior and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with saline (0.9% NaCl), MEL (4 mg/kg), Al (1 mg/kg) or MEL (4 mg/kg) + Al (1 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. After the treatment period, open-field, elevated plus maze, forced swimming test, Y-maze and Morris water maze were used to evaluate anxiety-like, depression-like behaviors, spatial learning, and memory ability. The hippocampus was taken for biochemical examination. The results revealed that MEL and Al combination exerts anxiolytic and antidepressant effects and shows a positive effect on working memory and spatial learning compared to the Al treated groups. Also, biochemical analysis showed that MEL co-administration played a neuroprotective role, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreasing significantly nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in rat hippocampus in the MEL+Al treated groups. In conclusion, MEL in combination with Al has both anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, improves cognitive behavior and biochemical dysfunction.
ISSN:0097-0549
1573-899X
DOI:10.1007/s11055-023-01465-x