Leaching Behavior of Rare Earth Elements and Aluminum from Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Ammonium Formate Inhibitor

In situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore usually uses ammonium sulfate as the leaching agent, which poses challenges such as low mass transfer efficiency, high consumption of the leaching agent and long leaching periods. In order to intensify the leaching process of rare...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Minerals (Basel) 2023-10, Vol.13 (10), p.1245
Main Authors: Feng, Jian, Wu, Xiaoyan, Gao, Zhiyong, Sun, Wei, Zhou, Fang, Chi, Ruan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminium
Aluminum
Ammonium
Ammonium compounds
Ammonium sulfate
Ammonium sulphate
Chromatography
Crust
Earth
Earth crust
Efficiency
Elution
Energy industry
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
In situ leaching
Leachates
Leaching
Mass transfer
Mineral resources
pH effects
Plate theory
Rare earth elements
Rare earth metal ores
Rare earth metals
Room temperature
Sulfates
Trace elements
Zinc oxides
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Summary:In situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore usually uses ammonium sulfate as the leaching agent, which poses challenges such as low mass transfer efficiency, high consumption of the leaching agent and long leaching periods. In order to intensify the leaching process of rare earth elements and reduce the impurity of leaching accompanying rare earth, ammonium sulfate and ammonium formate were mixed as a novel compound leaching agent to treat weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore. The effects of ammonium formate concentration, liquid/solid ratio, leaching agent pH and leaching temperature on the leaching process of rare earth (RE) and aluminum (Al) were investigated and evaluated using the chromatographic plate theory. Results showed that ammonium formate could effectively enhance the mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and significantly inhibit the mass transfer efficiency of aluminum. Leaching agent pH has a greater impact on the mass transfer efficiency of aluminum. A higher leaching temperature could enhance the mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and aluminum by providing a driving force to overcome the resistance of diffusion. The optimum conditions for leaching rare earth and aluminum are 0.1 mol/L ammonium sulfate compounded with 0.032 mol/L ammonium formate, pH 4–8 of the leaching agent, 0.8:1 liquid:solid (mL/g) ratio and room temperature. Under this condition, the mass transfer efficiency of rare earth was improved, and the mass transfer efficiency of aluminum was significantly inhibited.
ISSN:2075-163X
2075-163X
DOI:10.3390/min13101245