Systemic Racism and Implicit Bias Influencing US School Counseling

Empirical research establishes systemic racism and implicit bias disproportionately impact academic achievement of Black students. Black students are disadvantaged by negative perceptions, harsher punishments, and reduced opportunities compared to White peers. We utilize conversation categories of c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal for the advancement of counselling 2023-12, Vol.45 (4), p.594-612
Main Authors: Vannest, Rebecca J., Grey, Lorise D., Vannest, Jason L., Smith, Julia B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Academic achievement
Behavior problems
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Bias
Black students
Children & youth
Clinical Psychology
Counseling
Disadvantaged
Education
Educational systems
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Occupational choice
Oppression
Original Article
Psychological Methods/Evaluation
Psychology
Psychotherapy and Counseling
Race
Racial discrimination
School boards
School counseling
School districts
School environment
Social classes
Social justice
Students
Systemic racism
White people
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Summary:Empirical research establishes systemic racism and implicit bias disproportionately impact academic achievement of Black students. Black students are disadvantaged by negative perceptions, harsher punishments, and reduced opportunities compared to White peers. We utilize conversation categories of course selection, college attendance, occupational choice, and personal problems to illustrate impacts of systemic racism and implicit bias in academic conversations with school counselors. We conducted a covariate analysis of data from 14,528 Black and White students from 944 US schools while controlling for social class, mathematical achievement, and problem behavior. White students engaged in more academic conversations with school counselors when controlling for social class and problem behavior but were fully mediated by mathematics performance. Black students were unseen and underserved unless they were exceptional in social class, academic achievement, or behavioral referrals. Through academic conversations with school counselors, we demonstrate subtleties of systemic racism and implicit bias embedded in educational systems.
ISSN:0165-0653
1573-3246
DOI:10.1007/s10447-023-09527-y