Skeleton and Musculature of the Male Genitalia in Psilidae (Diptera) and Their Implications for the Phylogeny

We have previously studied the musculature of the male genitalia in one species of Psilidae— Chyliza vittata Meigen, 1826. Here, we describe for the first time the male genital muscles of Imantimyia nigrifrons (Macquart, 1835), Loxocera aristata (Panzer, 1801), Chamaepsila humeralis (Zetterstedt, 18...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Entomological review 2023-07, Vol.103 (4), p.373-400
Main Authors: Shatalkin, A. I., Ovtshinnikova, O. G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Chyliza
Genitalia
Life Sciences
Loxocera
Muscles
Phylogeny
Psila
Psilidae
Reproductive organs
Sclerites
Zoology
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Summary:We have previously studied the musculature of the male genitalia in one species of Psilidae— Chyliza vittata Meigen, 1826. Here, we describe for the first time the male genital muscles of Imantimyia nigrifrons (Macquart, 1835), Loxocera aristata (Panzer, 1801), Chamaepsila humeralis (Zetterstedt, 1847), Psilosoma audouini (Zetterstedt, 1835), and Psila nigripalpis Shatalkin, 1983. It is shown that Psilidae are characterized by secondary symmetry of the pregenital and genital sclerites and muscles, and by reduction of the syntergosternite VII + VIII, which is correlated with reduction of the ejaculatory apodeme (apomorphy); the muscles M25 are also absent. The family shows compaction of the pregenital and genital skeleton and muscles realized in different ways. Clades [[[ Chyliza ] + [[ Imantimyia + Loxocera ] + [ Chamaepsila + [ Psilosoma + Psila ]]] are supported by several synapomorphies.
ISSN:0013-8738
1555-6689
DOI:10.1134/S0013873823040012