Multiscale investigation of the microstructural mechanisms driving ratchet growth in PBX 9502

The high explosive PBX 9502 undergoes irreversible expansion during thermal cycling ("ratchet growth"). Recent innovations in thermomechanical modeling via homogenization strategies are beginning to incorporate mesoscale information such as grain size, total porosity, and spatial distribut...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of energetic materials 2024-01, Vol.ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print), p.1-23
Main Authors: Yeager, J. D., Montanari, D., Woznick, C., Knepper, R., Bennett, K. C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Crack initiation
cracks
Crystals
Fracture mechanics
Grain size
Image resolution
insensitive explosive
microcracking
Microcracks
microstructure
PBX
PBX (explosives)
PBX 9502
Plastic-bonded explosive
Porosity
ratchet growth
Recycled materials
scanning electron microscopy
SEM
Spatial distribution
Thermal cycling
thermal stability
Thermomechanical analysis
triaminotrinitrobenzene
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Summary:The high explosive PBX 9502 undergoes irreversible expansion during thermal cycling ("ratchet growth"). Recent innovations in thermomechanical modeling via homogenization strategies are beginning to incorporate mesoscale information such as grain size, total porosity, and spatial distribution of voids and cracks. To generate a complete experimental data set to challenge and inform these models, PBX 9502 pellets were thermally cycled, cross-sectioned using ion polishing, and imaged in high resolution with scanning electron microscopy. Ratchet growth was found to drive expansion through microcracking. Microcracks were affected by agglomeration of crystals within the PBX. Virgin material showed greater ratchet growth than recycled material.
ISSN:0737-0652
1545-8822
DOI:10.1080/07370652.2022.2032485