Effects of CaTiO3, BaTiO3, and BaZrO3 on the crystal structures and electrical properties of Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–SrTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics

• Published in: Journal of electroceramics 2023-11, Vol.51 (3), p.192-198
• Main Authors: Mukhlishah, Aisyah Devita, Dinh, Thi Hinh, Han, Hyoung-Su, Tran, Vu Diem Ngoc, Van Le, Vinh, Duong, Trang An, Lee, Jae-Shin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Barium titanates; Barium zirconates; Calcium titanate; Ceramics; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Composites; Crystallography and Scattering Methods; Doping; Electrical properties; Electrochemistry; Ergodic processes; Ferroelectricity; Glass; Lead free; Materials Science; Natural Materials; Optical and Electronic Materials; Permittivity; Phase transitions; Piezoelectric actuators; Piezoelectric ceramics; Relaxors; Room temperature; Transition temperature
• ISSN: 1385-3449; 1573-8663
• DOI: 10.1007/s10832-023-00326-w

This study investigated the effects of CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 , and BaZrO 3 doping on the phase transition and strain properties of lead-free 0.76Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 TiO 3 -0.24SrTiO 3 (BNT-24ST) piezoceramics. The nonergodicity of the BNT-24ST ceramic was stabilized as a function of CaTiO 3 doping, corresponding to the existence of the ferroelectric-to-relaxor phase transition temperature (T F-R ) peak in the dielectric permittivity curves of the samples. However, the BaTiO 3 - or BaZrO 3 - doped NBT-24ST samples promote the transition from a nonergodic to an ergodic relaxor phase. The 0.01 mol BaTiO 3 or 0.01 mol BaZrO 3 doping decreases the T F-R peak of the NBT-24ST sample to below room temperature. Interestingly, it is noted that the nonergodic-to-ergodic relaxor phase transition of the BaTiO 3 -doped BNT-24ST ceramics was faster than that of the BaZrO 3 -doped BNT-24ST ceramics. The 0.01 mol BaTiO 3 -doped BNT-24ST sample presents a maximum dielectric constant of ~ 8000. The maximum piezoelectric actuator coefficient (uni- S max / E max ) of ~ 525 pm/V was observed for the 0.01 mol BaTiO 3 -doped BNT-24ST ceramic. The effect of the tolerance factor on the phase transition and electrical properties of the BNT-24ST- AB O 3 ceramics is suggested.