Investigation of mechanical and printing properties of poly(lactic acid) and its composite filaments used in 3D printing

In this work, we investigated how the mechanical and printing properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and its composite filaments, which are increasingly used in 3D printers, changed in a humid environment. PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) composite filaments were used in...

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Published in:Iranian polymer journal 2024, Vol.33 (1), p.79-91
Main Authors: Şahin, Gökçen, Özyıldırım, Hasan, Şahin, Anıl
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Exposure
Filaments
Fourier transforms
Glass
Graphite
Infrared spectroscopy
Natural Materials
Original Research
Photomicrographs
Polyhydroxybutyrate
Polylactic acid
Polymer Sciences
Relative humidity
Tensile strength
Tensile tests
Three dimensional composites
Three dimensional printing
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Özyıldırım, Hasan
Şahin, Anıl
description In this work, we investigated how the mechanical and printing properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and its composite filaments, which are increasingly used in 3D printers, changed in a humid environment. PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) composite filaments were used in these experiments. The filaments were exposed to 80% relative humidity for 15 days, and standard dog-bone specimens were printed by these filaments. Tensile tests were applied to the filaments and printed specimens, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) was performed, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the specimens and their fractured surfaces were obtained. The tensile strength of the PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/PHB composite filaments exposed to a humid environment decreased compared with the reference specimens. When the experiments were evaluated, it was observed that the print quality and tensile strength decreased in dog-bone specimens printed from PLA filament and PLA/Graphite composite filament exposed to a humid environment. The tensile strength decreased in the PLA specimen by 29.5% and the PLA/Graphite composite specimen by 28% compared with the reference specimens. In contrast, for dog-bone specimens printed from PLA/PHB composite filaments, print quality and tensile strength increased. The tensile strength increased by 8.5% in PLA/PHB composite specimens. The band changes in the FTIR spectra of the dog bone and conditioned specimens produced from PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/PHB composite filaments showed the chemical changes in the specimens. Graphical abstract
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s13726-023-01240-2
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The tensile strength decreased in the PLA specimen by 29.5% and the PLA/Graphite composite specimen by 28% compared with the reference specimens. In contrast, for dog-bone specimens printed from PLA/PHB composite filaments, print quality and tensile strength increased. The tensile strength increased by 8.5% in PLA/PHB composite specimens. The band changes in the FTIR spectra of the dog bone and conditioned specimens produced from PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/PHB composite filaments showed the chemical changes in the specimens. 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PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) composite filaments were used in these experiments. The filaments were exposed to 80% relative humidity for 15 days, and standard dog-bone specimens were printed by these filaments. Tensile tests were applied to the filaments and printed specimens, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) was performed, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the specimens and their fractured surfaces were obtained. The tensile strength of the PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/PHB composite filaments exposed to a humid environment decreased compared with the reference specimens. When the experiments were evaluated, it was observed that the print quality and tensile strength decreased in dog-bone specimens printed from PLA filament and PLA/Graphite composite filament exposed to a humid environment. The tensile strength decreased in the PLA specimen by 29.5% and the PLA/Graphite composite specimen by 28% compared with the reference specimens. In contrast, for dog-bone specimens printed from PLA/PHB composite filaments, print quality and tensile strength increased. The tensile strength increased by 8.5% in PLA/PHB composite specimens. The band changes in the FTIR spectra of the dog bone and conditioned specimens produced from PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/PHB composite filaments showed the chemical changes in the specimens. 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The tensile strength decreased in the PLA specimen by 29.5% and the PLA/Graphite composite specimen by 28% compared with the reference specimens. In contrast, for dog-bone specimens printed from PLA/PHB composite filaments, print quality and tensile strength increased. The tensile strength increased by 8.5% in PLA/PHB composite specimens. The band changes in the FTIR spectra of the dog bone and conditioned specimens produced from PLA filament, PLA/Graphite, and PLA/PHB composite filaments showed the chemical changes in the specimens. Graphical abstract</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s13726-023-01240-2</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6606-7150</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8513-7713</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2623-1195</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Exposure
Filaments
Fourier transforms
Glass
Graphite
Infrared spectroscopy
Natural Materials
Original Research
Photomicrographs
Polyhydroxybutyrate
Polylactic acid
Polymer Sciences
Relative humidity
Tensile strength
Tensile tests
Three dimensional composites
Three dimensional printing
title Investigation of mechanical and printing properties of poly(lactic acid) and its composite filaments used in 3D printing
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