Groundwater arsenic removal using raw and modified Nagarparkar Pakistani Kaolin

Raw and modified Nagarparkar Pakistani Kaolin (NPK) was used to remove arsenic from groundwater by adsorption technique. Both the NPK samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine their crystallinity and morphology. Iron-modified MNK-1 increased t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Arabian journal of geosciences 2024, Vol.17 (2), Article 60
Main Authors: Mahar, Hidayatullah, Soomro, Suhail Ahmed, Memon, Abdul Rehman
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Arsenates
Arsenic
Arsenic removal
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Ferric chloride
Groundwater
Iron
Kaolin
Kinetics
Original Paper
Pollutant removal
Removal
Scanning electron microscopy
Sodium chloride
Sorption
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:Raw and modified Nagarparkar Pakistani Kaolin (NPK) was used to remove arsenic from groundwater by adsorption technique. Both the NPK samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine their crystallinity and morphology. Iron-modified MNK-1 increased the Si/Al ratio by 23% than that observed with NaCl-modified MNK (14%) and 6% via iron-modified MNK-2, indicating higher arsenic removal from groundwater. Only 1.50 g∙g −1 (15%) arsenic removal efficiency was observed using raw NPK at equilibrium time; however, after treatment with NaCl (0.10 M) and FeCl 3 (0.1 and 0.01 M), the treated solutions exhibited arsenic removal efficiency in the range of 9.2 g∙g −1 (92%) and 8.6 g∙g −1 (86%) using iron-modified MNK-1 and MNK-2, respectively. NPK and MNK equilibrium for arsenic sorption was reached in 60 min at 7 pH and 100 g∙L −1 concentration. The process kinetics transpired that pseudo-second-order rate equation provided better kinetics of arsenic sorption with iron-modified MNK-1 treatment protocol depicting about 1% of an average error for the amount of arsenic adsorbed on the adsorbent compared to 89% observed with pseudo-first-order model. The experimental results indicated that arsenic adsorption was more rapid and efficient at lower initial concentration of the modifying agent. This study demonstrated that the initial arsenate concentrations as well as the iron content in the MNK affect the quantity of arsenic adsorbed on the adsorbents.
ISSN:1866-7511
1866-7538
DOI:10.1007/s12517-024-11864-0