Activation of Complement Factor C3/C3b Deposition on the of Endothelial Cell Surface by Histamine As one of the Causes of Endothelium Damage in COVID-19

Endothelial damage as a result of complement system activation is one of the causes of thrombotic complications in COVID-19. Factor C3 plays a key role in this process. The attachment of its proteolysis product C3b to the membrane initiates the beginning of the formation of membrane attack complex C...

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Published in:Biochemistry (Moscow). Supplement series A, Membrane and cell biology Membrane and cell biology, 2023-12, Vol.17 (Suppl 1), p.S51-S58
Main Authors: Avdonin, P. P., Markitantova, Yu. V., Rybakova, E. Yu, Goncharov, N. V., Avdonin, P. V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Blood plasma
Cell activation
Cell Biology
Cell death
Cell surface
Complement
Complement activation
Complement component C3
Complement component C3b
Complement system
COVID-19
Damage
Endothelial cells
Endothelium
Histamine
Leukocytes
Life Sciences
Mast cells
Membrane attack complex
Membranes
Proteolysis
Umbilical vein
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Summary:Endothelial damage as a result of complement system activation is one of the causes of thrombotic complications in COVID-19. Factor C3 plays a key role in this process. The attachment of its proteolysis product C3b to the membrane initiates the beginning of the formation of membrane attack complex C5b-9, which forms a pore in the plasma membrane and cell death. In the present study, we investigated how histamine, secreted in the body at sites of inflammation by leukocytes and mast cells, might affect the binding of C3b to endothelial cells (ECs). FITS-conjugated antibodies against the C3c fragment were used to visualize it. These antibodies bind to intact C3 and to C3b but not to C3a. We have shown that incubation of human blood plasma with cultured ECs from human umbilical vein results in accumulation of C3/C3b as rounded local and diffuse foci on the surface of the cell monolayer. Pre-activation of ECs by histamine increases the number of C3/C3b attachment sites. These data suggest that histamine can enhance endothelial layer damage during hyperactivation of the complement system in COVID-19 and endotheliopathies caused by other diseases.
ISSN:1990-7478
1990-7494
DOI:10.1134/S1990747823070012