Effects of prolonged multidimensional fitness training with exergames on the physical exertion levels of older adults

• Published in: The Visual computer 2021, Vol.37 (1), p.19-30
• Main Authors: Gonçalves, Afonso Rodrigues, Muñoz, John Edison, Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio, Cameirão, Mónica da Silva, Bermúdez i Badia, Sergi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accelerometers; Adults; Artificial Intelligence; Computer & video games; Computer Graphics; Computer Science; Exercise; Fitness equipment; Fitness training programs; Heart rate; Image Processing and Computer Vision; Intervention; Investigations; Older people; Original Article; Performance evaluation; Physical exercise; Physical fitness; Sports training; Training
• ISSN: 0178-2789; 1432-2315
• DOI: 10.1007/s00371-019-01736-0

While exergames have been used with older adults in an attempt to promote higher physical activity (PA) levels, and its subsequent health benefits, there is a lack of research that objectively quantifies the PA levels that custom-made exergames can produce throughout an extended training program. In this paper, we describe a 3-month intervention study that aimed to measure the participants PA levels during exergames’ sessions and their effectiveness in eliciting the recommended activity levels. Over the course of the study, two groups of older adults participated in either a conventional multidimensional fitness training program of two sessions of exercise per week ( n  = 16) or in an equivalent combined program ( n  = 15), of one conventional and one exergame session per week. Both the objective PA levels (through accelerometry) and subjective effort (perceived exertion) were collected in each session. Results revealed that while participants spent more time in moderate-to-vigorous PA during exergaming than during conventional sessions, they also spent less energy, thus working out at lower intensities but for a more sustained amount of time. The self-reported exertion was consistently higher for the sessions of the combined exercise program. We showed that a set of custom-made exergames can be successfully used by trainers to set up personalized training sessions and can be used in combination with regular exercise for sustained long-term training, exposing differences between the two training regimes in terms of efficiency, elicited PA, and perceived effort.