Bridging Social Divides: The Role of Wise Reasoning in Improving Intergroup Relations

• Published in: Translational issues in psychological science 2024-03, Vol.10 (1), p.69-81
• Main Authors: Yang, Zhixu (Rick), Kung, Franki Y. H., Brienza, Justin P., Chao, Melody M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Conflict; Group Cohesion; Group Differences; Human; Intergroup Dynamics; Reasoning; Wisdom
• ISSN: 2332-2136; 2332-2179
• DOI: 10.1037/tps0000389

Intergroup conflicts spark negativity against opposing groups and fuel social divisions. To improve social cohesion across group differences, effective strategies that help group members deescalate conflict-related hostilities and improve intergroup relations are crucial. Increasing research on psychological wisdom addresses this issue. It offers new actionable insights that will help individuals form more positive attitudes and interactions during intergroup conflicts. In this article, we provide a timely, relevant, and practical review of the role of wise reasoning (WR) in improving intergroup relations. In particular, we draw from recent research to introduce the study of WR, and then we synthesize emerging empirical evidence to argue that WR helps improve intergroup relations via its effects on promoting cooperation, mitigating affective polarization, and encouraging respectful discourse. Further, we examine the benefits of WR to explore potential psychological mechanisms. Building on the evidence, we conclude with practical recommendations for more effectively improving intergroup relations to ultimately increase collaboration and solidarity across groups. We encourage more future research and interventions to investigate these promising avenues. What is the significance of this article for the general public? Conflicts between social groups pose significant threats to the unity and harmony in contemporary societies. To counteract these conflicts, developing psychological strategies that bridge social divides and improve social cohesion is crucial. In this article, we introduce the concept of wise reasoning (WR), which involves a set of integrative reasoning approaches, namely humility, observer's viewpoint, perspective taking, evolving situations, and search for compromise. We review evidence suggesting that WR promotes factors that help build social cohesion: improved intergroup cooperation, less polarized attitudes toward one another between groups, and more respectful disagreements. We also discuss potential psychological mechanisms behind this approach and provide practical suggestions for individuals and organizations.