Hadron productions and jet substructures associated with Z0/γ in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC

• Published in: Science China. Physics, mechanics & astronomy mechanics & astronomy, 2023-12, Vol.66 (12), p.121012, Article 121012
• Main Authors: Zhang, Shan-Liang, Xing, Hongxi, Zhang, Ben-Wei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Angular distribution; Angular momentum; Astronomy; Classical and Continuum Physics; Correlation; Hadrons; Heavy ions; Ionic collisions; Laboratories; Large Hadron Collider; Momentum; Observations and Techniques; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Quarks; Science
• ISSN: 1674-7348; 1869-1927
• DOI: 10.1007/s11433-023-2251-4

We carry out a detailed study of medium modifications on Z 0 / γ +hadron correlations as well as jet substructures in association with Z 0 / γ in Pb+Pb collisions with s N N = 5.02  TeV at the LHC. We utilize the linear Boltzmann transport (LBT) model to simulate the jet-medium interactions and medium response, and an extended cluster hadronization model to investigate the non-perturbative transition of quarks and gluons into final hadrons in heavy-ion collisions. Including hadronization effect, we can well describe Z 0 / γ +hadrons correlations and Z 0 / γ -tagged jet substructures in both p+p and Pb+Pb collisions simultaneously. Medium modification on jet profile and jet fragmentation functions indicate that particles carrying a large fraction of the jet momentum are generally closely aligned with the jet axis, whereas low-momentum particles are observed to have a much broader angular distribution relative to jet axis in Pb+Pb collisions due to jet-medium interactions. In particular, we find that Z 0 / γ -tagged hadron correlations are sensitive to the soft particles from the dense medium and medium response, while jet-substructures show weak dependence on those soft hadrons with only a fraction of them falling inside the jet area.