The massive boson accompanied by a flat wave

• Published in: European physical journal plus 2023-09, Vol.138 (9), p.824, Article 824
• Main Authors: Shahbazi, Z., Miraboutalebi, S., Ahmadi, F., Asoudeh, M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied and Technical Physics; Asymptotic properties; Atomic; Boson fields; Complex Systems; Condensed Matter Physics; Cosmic rays; Energy; Exact solutions; Mathematical and Computational Physics; Molecular; Nonlinear differential equations; Optical and Plasma Physics; Phase transitions; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Plane waves; Quantum field theory; Quarks; Regular Article; Solitary waves; Symmetry; Theoretical
• ISSN: 2190-5444; 2190-5444
• DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04429-9

Here, it is considered a simple model of the Nambu–Goldstone boson, in which the global chiral symmetry is broken spontaneously, and two particles appear as a result, one massive and one massless boson. This model leads to a nonlinear differential equation, and here, its exact solutions are introduced in the form of solitary fields. The presented solitary fields corresponding to the massive boson are normalizable, bounded, and have a reasonable asymptotic behavior, hence can be detected. To excite this bounded solitary wave, it has been shown that a simple flat wave might be incorporated into the model, coming from the vacuum fluctuations. This is while, the field related to the massless boson does not find a substitute bounded shape, and consequently cannot be expected to be observable. The rest energy of the massive boson field is calculated in terms of the frequency of the accompanying plane wave and the width of the boson fields. The presence of the accompanying flat wave might open an avenue to detect the massive boson in new ways.