Banana peel extract alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress via modulation of the Nrf2/Hmox-1 and NF-κB pathways in thyroid of heavy metal mixture exposed female rats

• Published in: Toxicology research and application 2023-03, Vol.7
• Main Authors: Eddie-Amadi, Boma F, Ezejiofor, Anthonet N, Orish, Chinna N, Cirovic, Ana, Cirovic, Aleksandar, Orisakwe, Orish E
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bioaccumulation; Caspase-3; Deionization; Females; Heavy metals; Histopathology; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; Lead; Manganese; Mercury; Mercury (metal); Mixtures; NF-κB protein; Nitric oxide; Oxidative stress; Plant extracts; Thyroid; Thyroid gland; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α
• ISSN: 2397-8473; 2397-8473
• DOI: 10.1177/23978473231167422

Introduction This is an evaluation of the effects of banana peel BP extract on the heavy metals’ mixture HMM mediated oxido-inflammatory effects in the thyroid of female albino rats. Methods Five groups (5 female rats/group) were treated as follows for 60 days: Group 1: Deionized water only; Group 2: (Pb, Hg, Mn and Al); Group 3: 200 mg/kg BP extract + HMM; Group 4: 400 mg/kg BP extract + HMM; Group 5: 800 mg/kg BP extract + HMM. On day 60 animals were euthanized, thyroid was harvested and used for, malondialdehyde MDA, nitric oxide NO, antioxidants, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF – α), interleukin 6 (IL – 6), Caspase-3, Nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2 (Nrf2), Nuclear factor kappa B (NfkB) and Heme Oxygynase – 1 (Hmox-1) and histopathology. Results There was significant bioaccumulation of Pb, Al, Hg and MN; elevated IL-6 and Tnf-α, MDA and NO, caspase-3 and Nrf2, NF-κB and Hmox-1 in the HMM only group in comparison to the control. There was significant (p < 0.05) decrease in SOD, CAT GSH activities in HMM only exposed group in comparison to the control deionized water group, whereas BP co-treatment with HMM significantly (p < 0.05) increased SOD, CAT GSH activities. Co-treatment with BP extract also reversed most of these effects. Discussion and Conclusions BP extract may ameliorate HMM -induced thyrotoxicity in female albino rats by blunting oxido-inflammatory activities.