Compression damage mechanism and damage detection of Aronia melanocarpa based on nuclear magnetic resonance tests

• Published in: Journal of food measurement & characterization 2024-02, Vol.18 (2), p.1090-1106
• Main Authors: Hou, Junming, He, Zhenhu, Tang, Ziyuan, Liu, Deyu, Long, Zhenghang, Zhu, Ziang, Zhang, Ren, Wang, Wei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aronia melanocarpa; Bound water; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Color imagery; Compression; Compression tests; Damage detection; deformation; energy; Engineering; Food Science; fruit moisture; Fruits; Image compression; Image processing; Indentation; mechanical damage; Mechanization; Moisture content; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Original Paper; plant damage; Resonance testing; Water content
• ISSN: 2193-4126; 2193-4134
• DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-02213-y

In the process of mechanization production and processing of Aronia melanocarpa , mechanical damage will be caused by compression, which is difficult to identify. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the mechanism of fruit damage and detect the internal damage. In this study, the relationship between indentation area ratio and fruit damage degree was established. The effects of different factors on fruit damage were investigated through compression tests. The NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) technology was used to detected and analyze the changes of internal moisture content before and after fruit compression, and the effects of different loading conditions on internal damage of fruit were further investigated. The compression test showed that the fruit was moderately or above damaged when the fruit deformation energy was greater than 6.8457 × 10 −3  J and the corresponding indentation area ratio was greater than 0.2683. The loading displacement had a great effect on fruit damage, and an appropriate reduction of fruit moisture content could effectively reduce the damage. The NMR test showed that the brightness of the pseudo-color image decreased significantly after compression, and the moisture in the fruit was lost and migrated. With the increase of loading displacement, the change in signal amplitude of unit mass of bound water increased from 1.584 to 8.435 AU, and that of free water increased from 4.519 to 37.240 AU, indicating that the moisture loss increased and the fruit damage worsens. This study analyzed the effects of different parameters on fruit damage, and provides a new method for the evaluation and detection of fruit damage of Aronia melanocarpa . Graphical abstract