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300 years of sclerosponge thermometry shows global warming has exceeded 1.5 °C

Anthropogenic emissions drive global-scale warming yet the temperature increase relative to pre-industrial levels is uncertain. Using 300 years of ocean mixed-layer temperature records preserved in sclerosponge carbonate skeletons, we demonstrate that industrial-era warming began in the mid-1860s, m...

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Published in:Nature climate change 2024-02, Vol.14 (2), p.171-177
Main Authors: McCulloch, Malcolm T., Winter, Amos, Sherman, Clark E., Trotter, Julie A.
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description Anthropogenic emissions drive global-scale warming yet the temperature increase relative to pre-industrial levels is uncertain. Using 300 years of ocean mixed-layer temperature records preserved in sclerosponge carbonate skeletons, we demonstrate that industrial-era warming began in the mid-1860s, more than 80 years earlier than instrumental sea surface temperature records. The Sr/Ca palaeothermometer was calibrated against ‘modern’ (post-1963) highly correlated ( R 2  = 0.91) instrumental records of global sea surface temperatures, with the pre-industrial defined by nearly constant (
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41558-023-01919-7
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subjects 704/106/413
704/106/694/2739
Air temperature
Anthropogenic factors
Carbonates
Climate action
Climate Change
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice
Estimates
Global temperatures
Global warming
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Ocean mixed layer
Oceans
Records
Sea surface
Sea surface temperature
Surface temperature
Temperature
Temperature changes
Temperature rise
Thermometry
title 300 years of sclerosponge thermometry shows global warming has exceeded 1.5 °C
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