Parasitic modulation effect caused by dynamic plasma in low frequency

Abstract-dynamic plasma sheath can severely interfere with the communication of hypersonic vehicles during atmospheric reentry. Theoretical and experimental results show that low-frequency (LF) electromagnetic (EM) waves could penetrate the plasma sheath, building a feasible method to solve the “rad...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physics of plasmas 2024-02, Vol.31 (2)
Main Authors: Gao, Yuxuan, Yang, Min, Xie, Kai, Qiao, Longjie, Liu, Haoyan, Li, Chengguang, Liu, Donglin, Quan, Lei, Wu, Mingxing, Li, Xiaoping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atmospheric entry
Electromagnetic radiation
Frequency ranges
Hypersonic vehicles
Microwave frequencies
Modulation
Phase shift keying
Plasma
Plasma frequencies
Plasma sheaths
Plasmas (physics)
Rotation
Sheaths
Wave propagation
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Summary:Abstract-dynamic plasma sheath can severely interfere with the communication of hypersonic vehicles during atmospheric reentry. Theoretical and experimental results show that low-frequency (LF) electromagnetic (EM) waves could penetrate the plasma sheath, building a feasible method to solve the “radio blackout” problem. This paper discovers that the propagation of LF EM waves in plasmas is still influenced by parasitic modulation effects. Compared to microwave frequencies, the impact of parasitic modulation effects on signal modulation patterns is more distinct for LF EM waves. In contrast to the microwave frequency range, where the rotation direction of QPSK signal constellation points changes with the ratio of plasma frequency to electromagnetic wave frequency, in the LF range, the constellation points undergo limited clockwise rotation. This phenomenon can be attributed to the unique magnetic field propagation mechanism of LF EM waves in dynamic plasmas. This paper analyzes the mechanism of this specific parasitic modulation effect and discovers a sinusoidal transformation relationship between amplitude attenuation and phase shift. Meanwhile, the experimental and simulation results proved that the time-varying plasma could cause the parasitic modulation effect of LF EM wave, resulting in a limited clockwise rotation of orthogonal phase-shift keying constellation points, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis.
ISSN:1070-664X
1089-7674
DOI:10.1063/5.0165684