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Highly Conductive n‐Type Polymer Fibers from the Wet‐Spinning of n‐Doped PBDF and Their Application in Thermoelectric Textiles

The field of electronic textiles currently lacks n‐type polymer fibers that can complement the more established p‐type polymer fibers. Here, a highly conductive n‐type polymer fiber is obtained via wet‐spinning of n‐doped poly(3,7‐dihydrobenzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]difuran‐2,6‐dione) (n‐PBDF). The electrical...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced functional materials 2024-02, Vol.34 (9), p.n/a
Main Authors: Sarabia‐Riquelme, Ruben, Noble, Leah E., Alarcon Espejo, Paula, Ke, Zhifan, Graham, Kenneth R., Mei, Jianguo, Paterson, Alexandra F., Weisenberger, Matthew C.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The field of electronic textiles currently lacks n‐type polymer fibers that can complement the more established p‐type polymer fibers. Here, a highly conductive n‐type polymer fiber is obtained via wet‐spinning of n‐doped poly(3,7‐dihydrobenzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]difuran‐2,6‐dione) (n‐PBDF). The electrical conductivity of the fibers increases from 1000 to 1600 S cm−1 with increased draw during processing and correlates well with Young's modulus. Wide‐angle X‐ray scattering reveals the existence of a bimodal orientation of the polymer chains, favoring parallel alignment to the fiber axis with increased draw. After 14 d in 80% humid air, fiber conductivity stabilizes maintaining 81% of the initial conductivity. Although the electrical conductivity drops slightly over time, the Seebeck coefficient increases, resulting in the highest thermoelectric power factor being measured at 91 µW m−1 K−2 for the most drawn fiber 14 d after its fabrication. A proof‐of‐concept two‐couple thermoelectric textile is crafted by embroidering bundles of n‐type PBDF fibers and p‐type PEDOT:PSS fibers. The device generates 2.40 nW at a 22 °C temperature gradient. This work represents the initial steps and a crucial advancement toward fabricating high‐performance n‐type polymer fibers that can complement their p‐type counterparts to close the existing performance gap. Novel n‐type polymer fibers are fabricated through wet‐spinning of n‐poly(3,7‐dihydrobenzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]difuran‐2,6‐dione (n‐PBDF). The electrical conductivity and polymer chain alignment are enhanced by controlled draw during processing and correlate with Young's modulus. Stable fiber conductivity is observed over 14 d in humid air, with an improved Seebeck coefficient leading to superior thermoelectric performance. A proof‐of‐concept embroidered two‐couple thermoelectric textile is demonstrated.
ISSN:1616-301X
1616-3028
DOI:10.1002/adfm.202311379