Impatient for Inpatient Sleep: Treating Sleep Disturbances in the Hospital Setting

• Published in: Current sleep medicine reports 2017-12, Vol.3 (4), p.333-341
• Main Authors: Neubauer, David N., Kudchadkar, Sapna R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anxiety; Cardiology; Circadian rhythm; Family Medicine; General Practice; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Insomnia; Insomnia and Pharmacotherapy (H Attarian and M Kay-Stacey; Internal Medicine; Light; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Melatonin; Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology; Patients; Psychiatry; Restless legs syndrome; Section Editors; Sleep apnea; Sleep deprivation; Sleep disorders; Topical Collection on Insomnia and Pharmacotherapy
• ISSN: 2198-6401; 2198-6401
• DOI: 10.1007/s40675-017-0098-8

Purpose of Review Disturbed sleep and sleep deprivation are common complaints among inpatients; however, limited research has targeted this population to investigate primary causes and solutions, and no comprehensive guidelines address this widespread problem. Recent Findings Many factors contribute to inpatient sleep difficulty. Key environmental sources are excess noise and light. The use of earplugs and eye masks are supported by some studies. Attempts to reduce disturbing light and noise on hospital units have been helpful. Schedule modifications that limit awakenings for measurements and medications also have been shown to be beneficial. Patients with inpatient sleep complaints are prescribed a wide range of medications, though little guidance is available to direct therapy with regard to pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic features, adverse event risks, and potential interactions. Summary A combination of environmental modifications and altered schedules for routine assessments, procedures, and treatments; individualized non-pharmacological interventions; and strategically chosen medications for selected patients should help minimize nighttime sleep disruption in hospitalized patients.