Surgical and Technological Advances in the Management of Upper Limb Amputation

• Published in: Current physical medicine and rehabilitation reports 2022-03, Vol.10 (1), p.1-7
• Main Authors: Ayalon, Omri, Hacquebord, Jacques H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amputation; Amputation Rehabilitation (JM Cohen; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Pain; Phantom limb; Prostheses; Rehabilitation Medicine; Section Editor; Surgery; Topical Collection on Amputation Rehabilitation
• ISSN: 2167-4833; 2167-4833
• DOI: 10.1007/s40141-022-00341-y

Purpose of Review The surgical management of upper limb amputees has undergone a long period of minimal advancement. However, recent developments in the field have sparked significant innovation. This review will focus on surgical advancements in peripheral nerve management, partial hand amputations, and residual limb optimization. Recent Findings Targeted muscle reinnervation and regenerative peripheral nerve interface are relatively new techniques for peripheral motor nerve and pain management. Intraneural peripheral electrodes have shown promising early results for sensory nerve input. The “Starfish procedure” and the advancement of mechanical prostheses relying on myoelectric signals have revolutionized function and prosthetic use for partial hand amputees. Lastly, osseointegration implants, which protrude through skin and anchor directly to a prosthetic, can provide optimization of the residual upper limb. Summary Recent advancements have improved neural and osseous integration of advanced prostheses into the residual upper limb. Restoration of function and relief from chronic pain are more possible than ever before.