Optimization-Based Fuzzy Energy Management Strategy for PEM Fuel Cell/Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Construction Excavator

• Published in: International journal of precision engineering and manufacturing-green technology 2021-07, Vol.8 (4), p.1267-1285
• Main Authors: Dao, Hoang Vu, To, Xuan Dinh, Truong, Hoai Vu Anh, Do, Tri Cuong, Ho, Cong Minh, Dang, Tri Dung, Ahn, Kyoung Kwan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Automobiles; Construction equipment; Dynamic programming; Electric vehicles; Energy conservation; Energy consumption; Energy efficiency; Energy flow; Energy management; Energy sources; Energy storage; Environmental protection; Excavators; Fuel cell vehicles; Fuel cells; Fuel consumption; Fuel economy; Fuel technology; Fuzzy control; Fuzzy logic; Hybrid systems; Hybridization; Life span; Methods; Optimization; Power management; Power sources; Powertrain; Proton exchange membrane fuel cells; Search algorithms; Search methods; Supercapacitors; Systems stability
• ISSN: 2288-6206; 2198-0810
• DOI: 10.1007/s40684-020-00262-y

Fuel cell hybrid electric construction equipment (FCHECE) is known as a promising solution to achieve the goal of energy saving and environment protection. Energy management strategy is a key technology of FCHECE, which splits the energy flow between power sources. This paper presents a novel optimal energy management strategy for a hybrid electric-powered hydraulic excavator system to enhance power performance, power sources lifespan, and fuel economy. As for the proposed powertrain configuration, fuel cell serves as a primary energy source, and supercapacitor and battery are considered as energy storages. The integration of supercapacitor and battery in fuel cell vehicle has advantages of improving power performance and storing the regenerative energy for future usage. An energy management strategy based on fuzzy logic control and a rule-based algorithm is proposed to effectively distribute the power between the three sources and reuse the regenerative energy. Furthermore, the parameters of the fuzzy logic system are optimized using the combination of a backtracking search algorithm which provides a good direction to the global optimal region and sequential dynamic programming as a local search method to fine-tune the optimal solution in order to reduce the hydrogen consumption and prolong the lifetime of the power sources. Simulation results show that the proposed energy management strategy enhances the vehicle performance, improves fuel economy of the FCHECE by 10.919%, increase battery and supercapacitor charge-sustaining capability as well as efficiency of the fuel cell system.