Sound Synthesis of the Harpsichord Using a Computationally Efficient Physical Model

• Published in: EURASIP journal on advances in signal processing 2004-06, Vol.2004 (7), p.860718, Article 860718
• Main Authors: Välimäki, Vesa, Penttinen, Henri, Knif, Jonte, Laurson, Mikael, Erkut, Cumhur
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Decay rate; Digital filters; Harpsichord music; Resonators; Strings; Synthesis; Waveguides
• ISSN: 1687-6180; 1687-6172; 1687-6180
• DOI: 10.1155/S111086570440211X

A sound synthesis algorithm for the harpsichord has been developed by applying the principles of digital waveguide modeling. A modification to the loss filter of the string model is introduced that allows more flexible control of decay rates of partials than is possible with a one-pole digital filter, which is a usual choice for the loss filter. A version of the commuted waveguide synthesis approach is used, where each tone is generated with a parallel combination of the string model and a second-order resonator that are excited with a common excitation signal. The second-order resonator, previously proposed for this purpose, approximately simulates the beating effect appearing in many harpsichord tones. The characteristic key-release thump terminating harpsichord tones is reproduced by triggering a sample that has been extracted from a recording. A digital filter model for the soundboard has been designed based on recorded bridge impulse responses of the harpsichord. The output of the string models is injected in the soundboard filter that imitates the reverberant nature of the soundbox and, particularly, the ringing of the short parts of the strings behind the bridge.