System Performance Analysis of Distributed Raman Amplification With Dual-Order Forward Pumping

Performance of distributed Raman amplification (DRA) system with dual order forward (FW) pumping is analyzed with the consideration of both pump relative intensity noise (RIN) to signal phase noise transfer and signal nonlinear interference. The efficiencies of pump RIN to signal phase noise transfe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of lightwave technology 2024-04, Vol.42 (8), p.2799-2808
Main Authors: Dutta, Arin, Akasaka, Youichi, Hui, Rongqing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplification
Bit-error rate (BER)
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
dual-order pumping
Fiber nonlinear optics
forward pumping
Interference
Noise intensity
Noise measurement
Optical fibers
Optical noise
Optical pumping
Optical receivers
optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR)
OSNR penalty
Phase noise
Relative intensity noise
relative intensity noise (RIN)
Spontaneous emission
Stimulated emission
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Summary:Performance of distributed Raman amplification (DRA) system with dual order forward (FW) pumping is analyzed with the consideration of both pump relative intensity noise (RIN) to signal phase noise transfer and signal nonlinear interference. The efficiencies of pump RIN to signal phase noise transfer are theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified by measuring signal phase noise introduced by small index intensity modulations applied on the pump lasers. The results indicate that the efficiency of 2nd order pump RIN to signal phase noise transfer can be more than 2 orders of magnitude higher than that from the 1st order pump. Although dual order FW Raman pumping corresponds to a slight increase of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) compared to using only a 1st order pump, its major advantage comes from the reduction of nonlinear interference noise in a dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) system. Because pump RIN to signal phase noise transfer has lowpass characteristics, systems at high baud rates, such as 100 Gbaud, are less susceptible to the impact of pump laser RIN.
ISSN:0733-8724
1558-2213
DOI:10.1109/JLT.2024.3350980