Metabolism and Receptor Mechanisms of Niacin Action

The paper discusses the metabolism of niacin, also known as vitamin B3 or PP, and the mechanisms of its receptor-induced functions in the human body. Niacin exists as several molecular  compounds that act as the nicotinamide coenzymes precursors. These coenzymes play a crucial role in metabolism, be...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell and tissue biology 2024-04, Vol.18 (2), p.128-147
Main Authors: Boronovskiy, S. E., Kopylova, V. S., Nartsissov, Y. R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Coenzymes
Enzymatic activity
Epigenetics
Intestinal microflora
Life Sciences
Metabolism
Microbiomes
Neuroprotection
Nicotinamide
Nicotinic acid
Receptor mechanisms
Redox reactions
Vitamin B
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Summary:The paper discusses the metabolism of niacin, also known as vitamin B3 or PP, and the mechanisms of its receptor-induced functions in the human body. Niacin exists as several molecular  compounds that act as the nicotinamide coenzymes precursors. These coenzymes play a crucial role in metabolism, being electron donors or acceptors in redox reactions catalyzed by various enzymes. Maintaining the intracellular pool of niacin is vital not only for redox metabolism, but also for the NAD-dependent pathways functioning. However, pathophysiological situations and changes in enzyme activity may influence the need for different forms of niacin. In addition to indirect effects via nicotinamide coenzymes, it also has a number of direct effects, including antilipolytic, vasodilatory, and neuroprotective functions, which exact mechanisms have not been studied fully up to date. Overall, niacin plays a vital role in maintaining efficient cellular function, and further study of its effects on various physiological processes, including the gut microbiome and epigenetic regulation, may lead to new discoveries and treatments for various diseases.
ISSN:1990-519X
1990-5203
DOI:10.1134/S1990519X23700025