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Assessment of SDSS-derived Galaxy Morphologies Using HST Imaging

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) was foundational to the study of galaxy evolution, having revealed the bimodality of galaxies and the relationship between their structure and star-forming activity. However, ground-based optical surveys like SDSS are limited in resolution and depth, which may lea...

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Published in:The Astrophysical journal 2024-04, Vol.965 (2), p.161
Main Authors: Osborne, Chandler, Salim, Samir
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description The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) was foundational to the study of galaxy evolution, having revealed the bimodality of galaxies and the relationship between their structure and star-forming activity. However, ground-based optical surveys like SDSS are limited in resolution and depth, which may lead to biases or poor quality in the derived morphological properties, potentially impacting our understanding of how and why galaxies cease their star formation (quench). We use archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging of ∼2000 SDSS objects to assess the reliability of SDSS-derived morphologies, taking advantage of both SDSS statistical samples and HST’s superior resolution and sensitivity. Single Sérsic fitting and bulge-disk decomposition is performed on HST images for direct comparison with SDSS results. Of the three catalogs of SDSS-derived morphologies considered, none is significantly more accurate or precise than the others. For disk-dominated galaxies ( n < 2.5), global Sérsic indices ( n ) from Meert et al. (hereafter, M15) are preferred. For bulge-dominated galaxies ( n > 2.5), Simard et al. (hereafter, S11) and M15 overestimate n by ∼20%, and derived global n from Blanton et al. are preferred. We provide an empirical relation to correct S11 global Sérsic indices. Global R eff from S11 overestimates R eff for the largest galaxies by 0.1 dex. Despite these moderate biases, SDSS-derived single-component parameters are generally significantly more robust than SDSS-derived two-component parameters. The bulge Sérsic index ( n bulge ) cannot be reliably constrained from SDSS imaging at all, whereas the bulge-to-total ( B / T ) ratio can be inferred from SDSS (provided that n bulge = 4 is enforced) but has a large random error of ∼0.2.
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subjects Bias
Digital imaging
Disk galaxies
Early-type galaxies
Galactic and extragalactic astronomy
Galactic evolution
Galaxies
Galaxy bulges
Galaxy classification systems
Galaxy evolution
Galaxy quenching
Galaxy structure
Hubble Space Telescope
Imaging techniques
Late-type galaxies
Morphology
Parameters
Quenched galaxies
Random errors
Random sampling
Reliability analysis
Sky surveys (astronomy)
Space telescopes
Star & galaxy formation
Star formation
Stars & galaxies
Statistical analysis
Statistical sampling
title Assessment of SDSS-derived Galaxy Morphologies Using HST Imaging
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