Influence of the Temperature of the Heat Treatment in a Nitrogen Atmosphere on the Physicochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Petroleum Coke

• Published in: Russian journal of applied chemistry 2023-08, Vol.96 (8), p.780-787
• Main Authors: Egorova, N. V., Nasyrova, R. R., Mishinkin, B. Yu, Zimin, Yu. S., Kuz’mina, E. V., Kolosnitsyn, V. S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Carbon; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Coke; Electrochemical analysis; Electrodes; Heat; Heat treatment; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Lithium; Lithium-ion batteries; Nitrogen; Petroleum coke; Physicochemical Studies of Systems and Processes; Rechargeable batteries; Temperature; Thermal cycling
• ISSN: 1070-4272; 1608-3296
• DOI: 10.1134/S1070427223080086

Studies aimed at the development of cheap, safe, and effective carbon materials based on domestic resources for negative electrodes of lithium-ion and post-lithium-ion batteries are topical and have high practical significance. The paper summarizes the results of studying how the temperature of the heat treatment of petroleum coke in a nitrogen flow influences its physicochemical and electrochemical properties. Petroleum coke was kept for 5 h in a nitrogen flow at fixed temperatures of 450, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200°C. Heat treatment of petroleum coke leads to a significant decrease in the specific resistivity (from 4.8 × 10 7 to 1 × 10 –2 Ω cm), to an increase in the specific surface area, and to a decrease in the pycnometric density (the temperature of 1200°C is an exception). Petroleum coke that has not been heat-treated or has been heat-treated at 450 °С exhibits no electrochemical activity. The carbon electrodes made of petroleum coke heat-treated at 600°C in a nitrogen atmosphere exhibit the maximal anodic capacity for lithium (340–350 mA h/g). However, carbon electrodes based on petroleum coke heat-treated at 600°С exhibit short cyclic duration and high irreversible capacity (58–60%). An increase in the petroleum coke heat treatment temperature to 1200°С leads to a decrease in the irreversible capacity to 40% and in the reversible anodic capacity to 220 mA h/g and to an increase in the cycling duration of the carbon electrodes. The petroleum coke heat-treated un a nitrogen atmosphere at 1000°C is the most promising material for negative electrodes of lithium-ion batteries from the viewpoint of the set of physicochemical and electrochemical properties.