Neonicotinoid Effects on Soil Microorganisms: Responses and Mitigation Strategies

Pesticides play a critical role in pest management and agricultural productivity; however, their misuse or overuse can lead to adverse effects on human health and the environment, including impacts on ecosystems and contamination. Currently, neonicotinoids (NNIs) are the most widely used systemic in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2024-05, Vol.16 (9), p.3769
Main Authors: Briceño, Gabriela, Diez, Maria Cristina, Palma, Graciela, Jorquera, Milko, Schalchli, Heidi, Saez, Juliana María, Benimeli, Claudia Susana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Bioremediation
Chemical properties
Corn
Crops
Ecosystems
Insecticides
Insects
Microorganisms
Nitrification
Pesticides
Pollinators
Productivity
Seeds
Soil fertility
Soil microbiology
Soil microorganisms
Toxicity
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Summary:Pesticides play a critical role in pest management and agricultural productivity; however, their misuse or overuse can lead to adverse effects on human health and the environment, including impacts on ecosystems and contamination. Currently, neonicotinoids (NNIs) are the most widely used systemic insecticides and are questioned worldwide for their possible impacts on pollinators. After NNI application, a substantial portion is not absorbed by the plant and may accumulate in the soil, affecting the soil microbial community. In this review, we explore the main studies carried out either in the laboratory or in the field about this matter. The studies report that the application of NNIs affects soil microbial activity and can act on microbial communities differently due to their unique chemical properties, degradation in soil, soil type, effects on soil properties, and methods of application. NNIs alter the diversity, structure, and abundance of soil microbes, in some cases increasing or decreasing their representativeness in soil. Bacterial phyla like Pseudomonadota, Bacillota, Actinomycetota, and Nitrospirota increase after NNI exposure, just like the families Nitrosomonadaceae, Nitrososphaeraceae, Nitrospiraceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Streptomycetaceae, and Catenulisporaceae. At the bacterial genus level, Nitrospira was associated with a decrease in nitrification processes in soil. The bacterial genera Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, Catenulispora, Brevundimonas, Pedobacter, and Hydrogenophaga are related to NNI degradation after application. Microorganisms could minimize the impacts of NNIs in agricultural soil. Therefore, the use of bioinoculation as a bioremediation tool is explored as an alternative to contribute to agricultural sustainability.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su16093769