Stabilizing oxygen-deficient Mn sites active in seawater oxidation

This study presents the engineering of a sustainable electrode for unpurified seawater electrolysis, featuring Ca-doped manganese oxide nanorods anchored on a Ni(OH) 2 microarray. The designed electrode demonstrates enhanced stability through the stabilization of Mn 3+ species and optimized interact...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2024, Vol.12 (22), p.13417-13426
Main Authors: Haq, Tanveer ul, Smari, Mourad, Tahir, Aleena, Haik, Yousef
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidity
Anions
Basicity
Catalysts
Charge transfer
Covalent bonds
Doping
Electrodes
Electrolysis
Manganese
Manganese oxides
Nanorods
Oxidation
Oxygen
Seawater
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Summary:This study presents the engineering of a sustainable electrode for unpurified seawater electrolysis, featuring Ca-doped manganese oxide nanorods anchored on a Ni(OH) 2 microarray. The designed electrode demonstrates enhanced stability through the stabilization of Mn 3+ species and optimized interaction, effectively mitigating the overpotential barrier of MnO x from 310 mV to 250 mV during seawater oxidation. Ca doping induces surface oxygen vacancies, crucial for stabilizing Mn 3+ species. The synthesized electrode exhibits distinctive characteristics, including increased surface Mn 3+ concentration via charge state manipulation, micro and mesopores for a high specific surface area with unique hydrophilic and aerophobic properties, and strong Brønsted basicity and Lewis's acidity due to Ca doping, facilitating efficient charge transfer via effective covalent bond formation with anions. The modified catalyst demonstrated 100% faradaic efficiency for seawater electrolysis, required a low input voltage of 1.68 V to deliver a current density of 500 mA cm −2 , and sustained this performance for over 100 hours without degradation or hypochlorite formation. This study presents the engineering of a sustainable electrode for unpurified seawater electrolysis, featuring Ca-doped manganese oxide nanorods anchored on a Ni(OH) 2 microarray.
ISSN:2050-7488
2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/d4ta00894d