Influence of inflow discharge and bed erodibility on outburst flood of landslide dam

Accurate prediction of the hydrographs of outburst floods induced by landslide dam overtopping failure is necessary for hazard prevention and mitigation. In this study, flume model tests on the breaching of landslide dams were conducted. Unconsolidated soil materials with wide grain size distributio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of mountain science 2019-04, Vol.16 (4), p.778-792
Main Authors: Zhou, Ming-jun, Zhou, Gordon G. D., Cui, Kahlil Fredrick E., Song, Dong-ri, Lu, Xue-qiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplification
Dam construction
Dam failure
Debris flow
Discharge
Downstream
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Ecology
Environment
Flood peak
Flood predictions
Floods
Flumes
Geography
Grain size distribution
Inflection points
Inflow
Landslides
Mitigation
Outbursts
Overtopping
Sediment gravity flows
Sediment transport
Soil erosion
Upstream
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Summary:Accurate prediction of the hydrographs of outburst floods induced by landslide dam overtopping failure is necessary for hazard prevention and mitigation. In this study, flume model tests on the breaching of landslide dams were conducted. Unconsolidated soil materials with wide grain size distributions were used to construct the dam. The effects of different upstream inflow discharges and downstream bed soil erosion on the outburst peak discharge were investigated. Experimental results reveal that the whole hydrodynamic process of landslide dam breaching can be divided into three stages as defined by clear inflection points and peak discharges. The larger the inflow discharge, the shorter the time it takes to reach the peak discharge, and the larger the outburst flood peak discharge. The scale of the outburst floods was found to be amplified by the presence of an erodible bed located downstream of the landslide dam. This amplification decreases with the increase of upstream inflow. In addition, the results show that the existence of an erodible bed increases the density of the outburst flow, increasing its probability of transforming from a sediment flow to a debris flow.
ISSN:1672-6316
1993-0321
1008-2786
DOI:10.1007/s11629-018-5312-8