Fuel Bioadditives Synthesis from Furfural Glycerol Condensation over Vanadium-Substituted Cesium Phosphomolybdate Salts

• Published in: Catalysis letters 2024-07, Vol.154 (7), p.3251-3263
• Main Authors: da Silva, Márcio José, Ribeiro, Claúdio Andrade Júnior, Rodrigues, Alana Alves, Silva, Tiago Almeida
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetals; Acids; Alternative energy sources; Biodiesel fuels; Biomass; Carbon; Catalysis; Catalysts; Cellulose; Cesium; Chemical synthesis; Chemicals; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Energy consumption; Fuels; Furfural; Glycerol; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Organometallic Chemistry; Phosphomolybdic acid; Physical Chemistry; Polymers; Raw materials; Room temperature; Scanning electron microscopy; Solvents; Substitutes; Vanadium
• ISSN: 1011-372X; 1572-879X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10562-023-04558-x

In this work, vanadium-substituted cesium phosphomolybdate salts were evaluated as catalysts in glycerol furfural condensation reactions, an attractive route to produce fuel-green bioadditives. Molybdenum atoms of phosphomolybdic acid were substituted with vanadium and precipitated as cesium salts generating catalysts with general formulae Cs 3+n PMo 12-n V n O 40 (n = 1–3). Among the salts evaluated, Cs 4 PMo 11 V 1 O 40 was the most active and selective catalyst toward the glyceryl furfural acetals, isomers (dioxolane: dioxane) were obtained at 2: 1 molar ratio with 90% conversion after a 2 h reaction at room temperature. The effect of main reaction parameters such as the glycerol: furfural molar ratio, the catalyst load, solvent, vanadium load, and the temperature were studied. The use of a solid, active, and easily synthesizable catalyst makes this an attractive route to produce fuel bioadditives from renewable raw materials at room temperature. Graphical Abstract