Fodder and Seed Productivity of the Awnless Brome of the Selection of Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center

• Published in: Russian agricultural sciences 2024, Vol.50 (2), p.154-158
• Main Authors: Puzikov, A. N., Yusova, O. A., Momonov, A. Kh, Dubinin, A. V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Agriculture; Air temperature; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Crop Production; Crop yield; Dry matter; Fodder; Growing season; Life Sciences; Plant Biochemistry; Plant Protection; Productivity; Proteins
• ISSN: 1068-3674; 1934-8037
• DOI: 10.3103/S1068367424700113

The study was conducted in 2019–2023 in the Omsk oblast in order to assess the feed and seed productivity of varieties of awnless brome of the Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center and the selection of the most promising material from the studied material for further use in breeding work. The material was varieties SibNIISKhoz-189 (standard), SibNIISKhoz-88, Titan, SibNIISKhoz-99, Elbrus, and Effect. Three cycles were carried out: summer sowing in 2019, 2020, and 2021, accounting years, respectively, of 2020–2021, 2021–2022, and 2022-2023. During the experiments, the yield of green mass and absolutely dry matter and seed productivity were evaluated, and biochemical analyzes of the green mass of varieties were carried out to determine the content of the mass fraction of protein and fiber. In all years of the research, during the growing season, increased air temperature was noted, exceeding the long-term average data by 1.6–1.8°С and a large deficit of precipitation. The HTC values by year were 0.60, 0.56, 1.02, and 0.85 in 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, respectively, with the optimal of 1.13. On average, over three cycles of research, a significant excess over the standard was characterized by varieties SibNIISKhoz-88 and SibNIISKhoz-99 in terms of green mass yield (9.6 and 7.3% to st.); SibNIISKhoz-88, SibNIISKhoz-99, Titan, and Effect in terms of absolutely dry matter yield (7.8–11.1% to st.); SibNIISKhoz-99, Elbrus, Effect, and Titan in terms of seed yield (16.5–22.8% to st.). The mass fraction of protein in the green mass of the Effect variety, on average, over three evaluation cycles significantly exceeded the standard by 0.8%, while the fiber content was at the standard level.