Investigating a hybrid approach for harvesting nanofibrillated cellulose from agricultural byproducts: sugarcane bagasse and pineapple crown leaves

Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and pineapple crown leaves (PCL) as low-cost waste biomass generated from the industries were subjected to chemo-mechanical modification to compare the morphology, charge, and thermal stability of native and modified biomass, accompanied by their cellulose-rich fractions. A n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Iranian polymer journal 2024, Vol.33 (8), p.1157-1170
Main Authors: Ganesan, Anusiya, Rengarajan, Jaiganesh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bagasse
Biomass
Cellulose
Cellulose fibers
Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Crystallites
Differential thermal analysis
Fourier transforms
Glass
Infrared spectroscopy
Morphology
Natural Materials
Original Research
Pineapples
Polymer Sciences
Spectrum analysis
Sugarcane
Sulfuric acid
Thermal stability
Vegetable fibers
X-ray diffraction
Zeta potential
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Summary:Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and pineapple crown leaves (PCL) as low-cost waste biomass generated from the industries were subjected to chemo-mechanical modification to compare the morphology, charge, and thermal stability of native and modified biomass, accompanied by their cellulose-rich fractions. A novel aspect of this research lies in the versatility of the hybrid approach for sustainable production of cellulose polymers from an array of biomass sources. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface morphology and structure of the samples were examined. To give thorough insights into the material characteristics, other techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) were used. According to the findings, after being exposed to the hybrid treatment, the modified sample had a more ordered crystalline structure than the raw biomass (supported by the FTIR spectra), the XRD results indicated that the crystallinity index (CrI) raised with crystallite size. Although the cellulose-rich fraction extracted by the hybrid method showed better thermal stability, the overall thermal analysis revealed that biomass produced by the hybrid method had lower thermal stability than the raw biomass. The current work showed that combining ultrasonication with sulfuric acid hydrolysis is a successful hybrid method for separating cellulose nanofibers from  the cellulosic plant fiber sources for reinforced composite products. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:1026-1265
1735-5265
DOI:10.1007/s13726-024-01316-7