Influence of LiCl on the kinetics of Mg2+ insertion into TiO2 prepared by solid-state chemical reaction

• Published in: Journal of solid state electrochemistry 2024-07, Vol.28 (7), p.2151-2162
• Main Authors: Rakhymbay, Gulmira, Avchukir, Khaisa, Konysbay, Yedil, Vacandio, Florence, Jumanova, Raigul, Bakhytzhan, Yeldana, Abildina, Ainaz, Argimbayeva, Akmaral
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analytical Chemistry; Anatase; Anodes; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Charge transfer; Chemical reactions; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Condensed Matter Physics; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Electrochemistry; Electrode materials; Energy Storage; Kinetics; Lithium batteries; Lithium chloride; Magnesium perchlorates; Original Paper; Physical Chemistry; Solid state; Titanium dioxide; Voltammetry
• ISSN: 1432-8488; 1433-0768
• DOI: 10.1007/s10008-023-05742-0

In this study, TiO 2 was prepared via a solid-state chemical reaction and used as an anode for magnesium/lithium hybrid-ion batteries. The X-ray diffraction characterization of the synthesized titanium dioxide demonstrated that the material consists of 10% TiO 2 (B) and 90% anatase phases. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements showed the lowest charge transfer resistance and the highest capacity for batteries assembled with 9 mM LiCl because of the activation effect of the Cl − anion. In general, TiO 2 as anode material in Mg 2+ /Li + -ion mixed solutions demonstrated sluggish electrochemical kinetics and a rate constant obtained from the EIS data of 1.05 × 10 −8  cm s −1 . From the cyclic voltammetry measurements, it was found that the capacity of the magnesium-lithium battery has more pseudocapacitance characteristics than the mixed-controlled process, as in other studies. The investigated TiO 2 ||0.05 M Mg(ClO 4 ) 2  + 0.009 M LiCl/AN||Mg hybrid-ion battery demonstrated a capacity of approximately 25 mAh g −1 after 50 cycles at 35 mA g −1 current.