Manipulating non-equilibrium diffusion-controlled reaction toward reversible alloying reactions in alkali ion batteries

Alloying materials, recognized as promising candidates for graphite anodes, are extensively explored for their high energy densities. However, the chronic challenges originating from volumetric expansion and the resultant stress leading to particle fracture have impeded the practical application of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energy & environmental science 2024-07, Vol.17 (14), p.4929-4943
Main Authors: Kim, Gilseob, Cho, Seonyong, Lyu, Lulu, Park, Mihui, Park, Sanghyun, Kang, Yong-Mook
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloying
Anodes
Chemical reactions
Electrochemistry
Mechanical properties
Metal ions
Reaction mechanisms
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Summary:Alloying materials, recognized as promising candidates for graphite anodes, are extensively explored for their high energy densities. However, the chronic challenges originating from volumetric expansion and the resultant stress leading to particle fracture have impeded the practical application of these materials in alkali ion batteries. Beginning with the fundamental thermodynamics of alloying materials, this review investigates their detailed electrochemical reactions and examines how these reactions can affect battery performance from both mechanical and electrochemical perspectives. Moreover, key parameters governing the reaction mechanisms are elucidated, followed by engineering strategies that alter the behavior of alloying reactions. This review will suggest guidelines for designing alloying anodes to enhance battery performance. Electrochemical alloying reaction of alloying-type anode materials for alkali-ion batteries is revealed by focusing on the underlying thermodynamics.
ISSN:1754-5692
1754-5706
DOI:10.1039/d4ee01241k