A Systematic Review on Implementation of Internet-of-Things-Based System in Underground Mines to Monitor Environmental Parameters

The automation in the mining industry by adopting Internet of Things (IoT) technology is great potential to improve safety and efficiency. The mining industry is recognized globally for its valuable resources (gold, coal, iron ore, etc.) which are obtained by mining below the surface. The productivi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series D 2024, Vol.105 (2), p.1273-1289
Main Authors: Naik, Anil S., Reddy, Sandi Kumar, Mandela, Govinda Raj
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbon dioxide
Coal mining
Engineering
Flammable gases
Gas explosions
Industrial safety
Internet of Things
Iron ores
Mines
Mining industry
Parameters
Real time
Review Paper
Underground explosions
Underground mines
Underground mining
Underground structures
Wireless sensor networks
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Summary:The automation in the mining industry by adopting Internet of Things (IoT) technology is great potential to improve safety and efficiency. The mining industry is recognized globally for its valuable resources (gold, coal, iron ore, etc.) which are obtained by mining below the surface. The productivity and safety of mine personnel are impacted by several environmental parameters in underground mines, such as toxic gases, flammable gases, elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and decreased levels of oxygen (O 2 ) concentrations. The presence of these gases is a significant issue and needs to be dealt with suitably. There are various methods to monitor the percentage of gases and provide a suitable course of action in case of an increase in the threshold limit of gases. Each system has its limitations. Wireless monitoring systems are indispensable in underground mines. This paper presents the methodology to adopt IoT in underground mines to measure environmental parameters in underground mine areas, the structure of installation of sensors in underground mines, threshold limits of gases, and underground mine disasters which were caused by gas explosion accidents. Further, it evaluates wireless sensor networks (WSNs) techniques ZigBee and LoRa for underground mines applications. Subsequently, it proposed a real-time industrial safety system in underground mines with its working, effectiveness, and scope are discussed.
ISSN:2250-2122
2250-2130
DOI:10.1007/s40033-023-00541-3