Opioid-stimulant trends in overdose toxicology by race, ethnicity, & gender: An analysis in Delaware, 2013-2019

Recent upticks of stimulant presence in overdose deaths suggest the opioid epidemic is morphing, which raises questions about what drugs are involved and who is impacted. We investigate annual and growth rate trends in combined opioid-stimulant overdose toxicology between 2013 and 2019 for White, Bl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of ethnicity in substance abuse 2024-08, Vol.23 (3), p.471-500
Main Authors: Gray, Andrew C., Neitzke-Spruill, Logan, Hughes, Cresean, O'Connell, Daniel J., Anderson, Tammy L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cocaine
Drug abuse
Drugs
Epidemics
Ethnicity
Fentanyl
gender
Growth rate
Males
Morphing
Narcotics
Opioids
Overdose
overdose trends
Race
Stimulants
Substance abuse
Toxicology
Trends
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Summary:Recent upticks of stimulant presence in overdose deaths suggest the opioid epidemic is morphing, which raises questions about what drugs are involved and who is impacted. We investigate annual and growth rate trends in combined opioid-stimulant overdose toxicology between 2013 and 2019 for White, Black, and Hispanic male and female decedents in Delaware. During these years, toxicology shifted to illegal drugs for all with fentanyl leading the increase and opioid-cocaine combinations rising substantially. While combined opioid-cocaine toxicology grew among Black and Hispanic Delawareans, White males continue to report the highest rates overall. These findings depart from historical patterns and may challenge existing opioid epidemic policies.
ISSN:1533-2640
1533-2659
1533-2659
DOI:10.1080/15332640.2022.2109790